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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2024-14-4-382-387</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-1024</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гипонатриемия у нейрохирургических пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hyponatremia in Neurosurgical Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-5460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бейлерли</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beylerli</surname><given-names>О. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бейлерли Озал Арзуман оглы — к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Башкортостан, Уфа</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ozal A. Beylerli — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obeylerli@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1488-6290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бухвостов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukhvostov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бухвостов Александр Александрович — к.б.н., доцент, кафедра медицинских нанобиотехнологий МБФ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Bukhvostov — Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория, Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>382</fpage><lpage>387</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бейлерли О.А., Бухвостов А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бейлерли О.А., Бухвостов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Beylerli О.A., Bukhvostov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/1024">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/1024</self-uri><abstract><p>Гипонатриемия является частым и потенциально опасным нарушением электролитного баланса у нейрохирургических пациентов, особенно после черепно-мозговых травм (ЧМТ), субарахноидальных кровоизлияний (САК), опухолей мозга и хирургических вмешательств на гипофизе. В этой статье рассмотрены основные причины и патофизиология гипонатриемии, включая синдром неадекватной секреции антидиуретического гормона (СНСАДГ), центральную надпочечниковую недостаточность и синдром церебральной потери соли (СЦПС). Представлены дифференциальные диагностические подходы для правильного определения причин гипонатриемии, а также терапевтические стратегии, включая инфузии гипертонического раствора натрия, заместительную терапию гидрокортизоном и применение антагонистов рецепторов вазопрессина. Описаны потенциальные осложнения при слишком быстрой коррекции уровня натрия, такие как осмотический демиелинизирующий синдром (ОДС). Статья подчеркивает важность точной диагностики и своевременного лечения для улучшения исходов пациентов и минимизации риска осложнений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hyponatremia refers to a common and potentially dangerous electrolyte imbalance observed in neurosurgical patients, particularly following traumatic brain injuries, subarachnoid hemorrhages, brain tumors, and pituitary surgeries. The paper discusses primary causes and pathophysiology of hyponatremia, including the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, central adrenal insufficiency, and cerebral salt wasting syndrome. The paper presents differential diagnostic approaches for accurately identifying the underlying causes of hyponatremia, as well as therapeutic strategies that include hypertonic sodium solution infusions, hydrocortisone replacement therapy, and the use of vasopressin receptor antagonists. The study delineates the potential complications associated with overly rapid correction of sodium levels, such as osmotic demyelination syndrome. It emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and timely treatment to enhance patient outcomes and minimize the risk of complications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипонатриемия</kwd><kwd>нейрохирургические пациенты</kwd><kwd>синдром неадекватной секреции антидиуретического гормона</kwd><kwd>синдром церебральной потери соли</kwd><kwd>надпочечниковая недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hyponatremia</kwd><kwd>neurosurgical patients</kwd><kwd>syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone</kwd><kwd>cerebral salt wasting syndrome</kwd><kwd>adrenal insufficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hannon M.J., Crowley R.K., Behan L.A., O’Sullivan E.P., O’Brien M.M., Sherlock M., et al. 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