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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2025-15-3-220-227</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-1112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Управление рисками при операциях на лимфатическом аппарате у пациентов маммологического профиля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Managing of Lymphatic Surgery Risks in Breast Cancer Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1971-5092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букин</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukin</surname><given-names>Eduard M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Букин Эдуард Максимович — кафедра онкологии с гематологией</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard M. Bukin — Department of Oncology with Haematology</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eduardbukin1991@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2440-3395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малашенко</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malashenko</surname><given-names>Viktor N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малашенко Виктор Николаевич — д.м.н., профессор, кафедра онкологии с гематологией</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor N. Malashenko — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Oncology with Haematology</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2477-1753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбачков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybachkov</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыбачков Владимир Викторович — д.м.н., профессор, кафедра госпитальной хирургии</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Rybachkov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Hospital Surgery</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-4969</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васин</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasin</surname><given-names>Aleхander B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васин Александр Борисович </p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleхander B. Vasin</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-0591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голощапова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goloshchapova</surname><given-names>Natalya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голощапова Наталья Сергеевна — поликлиническое отделение</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya S. Goloshchapova — Outpatient Unit</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3855-153X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощин</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Roschin</surname><given-names>Igor N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рощин Игорь Николаевич — отделение торакальной хирургии</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor N. Roschin — Thoracic Surgery Unit</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3861-0819</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimova</surname><given-names>Anastasia E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акимова Анастасия Евгеньевна — отделение опухолей молочной железы и кожи</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia E. Akimova — Unit of Breast and Skin Tumors</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ярославский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslavl State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Областная клиническая онкологическая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Oncology Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>220</fpage><lpage>227</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Букин Э.М., Малашенко В.Н., Рыбачков В.В., Васин А.Б., Голощапова Н.С., Рощин И.Н., Акимова А.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Букин Э.М., Малашенко В.Н., Рыбачков В.В., Васин А.Б., Голощапова Н.С., Рощин И.Н., Акимова А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bukin E.M., Malashenko V.N., Rybachkov V.V., Vasin A.B., Goloshchapova N.S., Roschin I.N., Akimova A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/1112">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/1112</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Хирургическое стадирование — обязательный атрибут лечения рака молочной железы. Для исключения или подтверждения метастатического поражения лимфоколлекторов может использоваться биопсия сигнального лимфатического узла. Несмотря на  малую инвазивность вмешательства, хирурги продолжают сталкиваться с  нежелательными событиями в  послеоперационном периоде. Цель исследования: рассмотреть возможности снижения риска послеоперационных осложнений при проведении малоинвазивных вмешательств на  лимфатическом аппарате. Материалы и  методы. Нами проанализирована медицинская документация 114 пациентов, которые перенесли биопсию сигнального лимфатического узла. Оценена частота послеоперационных осложнений у  пациентов в  группах с  сортировкой по  количеству удаленных лимфатических узлов. Основываясь на опыте борьбы с лимфореей, сформирована группа из 28 пациентов, которым биопсия сигнального лимфатического узла выполнялась с  использованием оптического усиления, методики двойной коагуляции, и дополнена щадящими принципами электрохирургического пособия. Результаты и обсуждение. Уменьшение количества удаляемых узлов снижало вероятность осложнений, в том числе сером. При разделении пациентов на подгруппы в зависимости от количества удаляемых лимфатических узлов выявлены случаи метастатического поражения большего количества коллекторов, чем разрешающая способность метода. С учетом полученных данных постановка вопроса об  отказе от  проведения лимфодиссекции в  случае выявления метастатического поражения сигнального лимфатического узла делает необходимым удаление минимум двух лимфатических узлов, оптимальным числом следует считать три удаленных лимфатических узла. Оперативные вмешательства, в соответствии с этими принципами, а также соблюдением вышеописанных методик, были сопряжены с меньшими рисками осложнений. Заключение. Разработка новых технических решений в хирургической практике открывает широкие перспективы для улучшения качества жизни больных. Однако деэскалация хирургического лечения обязана быть последовательной и безопасной. В противном случае все преимущества хорошо выполненной операции нивелируются чрезмерным онкологическим риском.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Surgical staging is an essential component of breast cancer treatment. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) can be used to exclude or confirm metastatic involvement of lymphatic collectors. Despite minimal invasiveness of this procedure, surgeons still encounter adverse events in the postoperative period. The aim of this study was to explore ways of reducing the risk of postoperative complications after minimally invasive interventions on the lymphatic system. Materials and methods. We analyzed the medical records of 114 patients who underwent SLNB. The incidence of post‑operative complications was assessed in patient groups stratified by the number of excised lymph nodes. Based on prior experience in managing lymphorrhea, a subgroup of 28 patients was formed, in whom SLNB was performed with optical magnification, a double coagulation technique, and gentle principles of electrosurgery. Results and discussion. Reducing the number of excised nodes decreased the likelihood of complications, including seroma formation. Dividing patients into subgroups according to the number of removed lymph nodes revealed cases of metastatic spread to more collectors than the method could resolve. Taking this into account, the issue of abandoning lymph node dissection in the presence of sentinel node metastasis necessitates excision of at least two lymph nodes, with three excised nodes being considered optimal. Surgical interventions performed in accordance with these principles and using the described techniques were associated with lower risks of complications. Conclusion. The development of new technical solutions in surgical practice is very promising in improving patients’ quality of life. However, de-escalation of surgical management must be consistent and safe; otherwise, all the advantages of a well-performed operation are negated by excessive oncological risk.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>сигнальный лимфатический узел</kwd><kwd>биопсия сигнального лимфатического узла</kwd><kwd>послеоперационные осложнения</kwd><kwd>серома</kwd><kwd>лимфорея</kwd><kwd>удаление лимфатического узла</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>sentinel lymph node</kwd><kwd>sentinel lymph node biopsy</kwd><kwd>postoperative complications</kwd><kwd>seroma</kwd><kwd>lymphorrhea</kwd><kwd>lymph node excision</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа не финансировалась.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work is not funded.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семиглазов В.Ф., Криворотько П.В., Жильцова Е.К., Канаев С.В., Труфанова Е.С., Крживицкий П.И. и др. 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