References

surgonco

Креативная хирургия и онкология

Creative surgery and oncology

2076-30932307-0501

Башкирский государственный медицинский университет

10.24060/2076-3093-2026-16-1-34-42

surgonco-1177

Research Article

ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

REVIEWS

Молекулярные регуляторы стволовости и лекарственной резистентности рака предстательной железы: роли MUC1‑C, TMPRSS4, TLX и MDA‑9/Syntenin

Molecular Regulators of Stemness and Drug Resistance in Prostate Cancer: Roles of MUC1‑C, TMPRSS4, TLX, and MDA‑9/Syntenin

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7673-1766

Шаяхметов

Р. И.

Shayakhmetov

R. I.

Шаяхметов Рустам Ильгизович — младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория стволовых клеток.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Rustam I. Shayakhmetov — Junior Researcher, Stem Cells Laboratory.

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7467-5034

Ле

Т. Ч.

Thu Chang

Ле Тху Чанг — к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория стволовых клеток.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Thu Chang Le — Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Stem Cells Laboratory.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9393-2875

Ишметова

Д. В.

Ishmetova

D. V.

Ишметова Диана Валиевна — младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория столовых клеток.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Diana V. Ishmetova — Junior Researcher, Stem Cells Laboratory.

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8191-9951

Рахматуллина

А. И.

Rakhmatullina

A. I.

Рахматуллина Аида Ильдаровна — лаборант-исследователь, лаборатория стволовых клеток.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Aida I. Rakhmatullina — Laboratory Research Assistant, Stem Cells Laboratory.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0882-7048

Кагирова

Э. М.

Kagirova

E. M.

Кагирова Эвелина Марсельевна — к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория молекулярной генетики.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Evelina M. Kagirova — Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Molecular Genetics Laboratory.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-8037

Асадуллина

Д. Д.

Asadullina

D. D.

Асадуллина Дилара Динаровна — младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория молекулярной генетики.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Dilara D. Asadullina — Junior Researcher, Molecular Genetics Laboratory.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6812-9570

Мухамадеев

Р. Р.

Mukhamadeev

R. R.

Мухамадеев Радмир Радикович — лаборатория молекулярной генетики.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Radmir R. Mukhamadeev — Molecular Genetics Laboratory

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8381-2850

Ибатуллин

А. А.

Ibatullin

A. A.

Ибатуллин Артур Альбертович — д.м.н., лаборатория стволовых клеток.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Artur A. Ibatullin — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Stem Cells Laboratory.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-4897

Павлов

В. Н.

Pavlov

V. N.

Павлов Валентин Николаевич — д.м.н., профессор, кафедра урологии и онкологии.

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Valentin N. Pavlov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Urology and Oncology.

Башкирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияBashkir State Medical UniversityRussian Federation

2026

09042026

1613442

2026

Шаяхметов Р.И., Ле Т.Ч., Ишметова Д.В., Рахматуллина А.И., Кагирова Э.М., Асадуллина Д.Д., Мухамадеев Р.Р., Ибатуллин А.А., Павлов В.Н.

Shayakhmetov R.I., Le T., Ishmetova D.V., Rakhmatullina A.I., Kagirova E.M., Asadullina D.D., Mukhamadeev R.R., Ibatullin A.A., Pavlov V.N.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/1177

Рак предстательной железы (РПЖ) остается одним из самых распространенных злокачественных новообразований у мужчин и одной из ведущих причин онкологической смертности, особенно на стадиях кастрационно-резистентного и метастатического течения заболевания. Накопленные данные свидетельствуют о ключевой роли популяции опухолевых стволовых клеток в инициации опухолевого роста, прогрессии, формировании внутриопухолевой гетерогенности, лекарственной и радиорезистентности РПЖ. В обзоре суммированы сведения и детально рассмотрены четыре перспективных регулятора стволовости и пластичности опухолевых клеток: онкобелок MUC1-C, трансмембранная сериновая протеаза TMPRSS4, орфанный ядерный рецептор TLX и адаптерный PDZ-белок MDA-9/Syntenin. Для каждого из этих молекулярных факторов обсуждаются структура, особенности экспрессии в ткани простаты, участие в ключевых сигнальных путях (Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, STAT3, NOTCH, TGF-β и др.), а также их вклад в эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход, поддержание ОСК-фенотипа, андроген-независимый рост и резистентность к стандартным видам терапии. Особое внимание уделено данным in vitro и in vivo, подтверждающим значимость MUC1-C, TMPRSS4, TLX и MDA-9/Syntenin как потенциальных биомаркеров неблагоприятного течения РПЖ и мишеней для таргетной и иммунотерапии.

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies in men and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, particularly in its castration-resistant and metastatic forms. Accumulating evidence highlights the central role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor initiation, progression, intratumoral heterogeneity, and the resistance to therapy and radiation. This review summarizes current data and provides an in-depth analysis of four promossing regulators of CSC-associated stemness and cellular plasticity: the oncoprotein MUC1-C, the type II transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS4, the orphan nuclear receptor TLX, and the PDZ-domain adaptor protein MDA-9/Syntenin. For each molecule, we discuss structural features, expression patterns in prostate tissue, and involvement in key oncogenic signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, STAT3, NOTCH, and TGF-β. Their contributions to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), maintenance of the CSC phenotype, androgen-independent growth, and resistance to standard therapies are examined in detail. Particular emphasis is placed on in vitro and in vivo evidence demonstrating the significance of MUC1-C, TMPRSS4, TLX, and MDA-9/syntenin as biomarkers of aggressive PCa and as targets for precision therapeutics and immunotherapy.

рак простатыкастрационно-резистентные новообразования предстательной железыопухолевые стволовые клеткитерапиясигнальный путьбиомаркеры

prostate cancercastration-resistant prostate cancercancer stem cellstherapysignaling pathwaybiomarkers

Работа выполнена за счет средств Программы стратегического академического лидерства Башкирского государственного медицинского университета (ПРИОРИТЕТ-2030)

This work was supported by the Bashkir State Medical University Strategic Academic Leadership Program (PRIORITY-2030)

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.