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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2019-9-1-44-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-363</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микрохирургические технологии при травматическом дефекте первого пальца кисти</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microsurgery Techniques for Patients with Traumatic Thumb Amputation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-8820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валеев</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valeev</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валеев Марат Мазгарович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры травматологии и ортопедии с курсом ИДПО</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeev Marat Mazgarovich — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics with the Course of Additional Professional Education</p><p>3 Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valeevmm@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарапов</surname><given-names>И. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garapov</surname><given-names>I. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарапов Ильнур Зиннурович — аспирант кафедры травматологии и ортопедии с курсом ИДПО</p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Garapov Il’nur Zinnurovich — Post-graduate student of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics with the Course of Additional Professional Education</p><p>3 Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикташева</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Biktasheva</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бикташева Элина Маратовна — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры травматологии и ортопедии с курсом ИДПО </p><p>450008, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biktasheva Elina Maratovna — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant lecturer of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics with the Course of Additional Professional Education </p><p>3 Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Валеев М.М., Гарапов И.З., Бикташева Э.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Валеев М.М., Гарапов И.З., Бикташева Э.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Valeev M.M., Garapov I.Z., Biktasheva E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/363">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/363</self-uri><abstract><p>Травматические ампутации пальцев кисти возникают в результате тяжелых механических травм с первичной отслойкой и разрушением тканей, а также после глубоких ожогов, отморожений, ишемии. Основной причиной инвалидизации и утраты профессиональной пригодности в 70–80 % являются ампутационные дефекты пальцев и кисти. В 50 % случаев утрата трудоспособности обусловлена дефектом большого пальца. В связи с этим проблема реконструкции I пальца кисти является одной из наиболее важных в хирургии кисти.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Представлен опыт реконструкции функциональных возможностей кисти у 48 пациентов с травматическим дефектом первого пальца на основе использования технологий реконструктивно-пластической микрохирургии — свободной аутотрансплантации второго пальца стопы на кисть. Все пациенты имели культю первого пальца кисти на уровне дистальной части пястной кости или проксимальной части основной фаланги.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Из 48 оперированных больных положительный результат получен у 45. В трех случаях наступил некроз аутотрансплантата. Этим пациентам реконструкция первого пальца кисти осуществлена другими, менее функциональными методами. По данным электромиограмм, проводимых при максимальном тоническом напряжении мышц тенара, сгибателей и разгибателей восстановленного пальца, отмечено улучшение функционального состояния кисти. Ее сила после реконструктивной операции во всех случаях увеличилась (от 40 до 90 %), что связано с восстановлением основных видов захвата кисти. По данным доплерографии, после реконструкции I пальца кисти отмечалось увеличение скорости кровотока и степени кровенаполнения наблюдаемой кисти.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Реконструкцию функциональных возможностей кисти с травматическим дефектом первого пальца необходимо проводить с учетом оптимального метода хирургической коррекции, оценки психического состояния и желания пациента скорейшего восстановления формы и функции кисти. Свободная аутотрансплантация второго пальца стопы в позицию утраченного первого пальца кисти на микрохирургических сосудистых анастомозах позволяет в кратчайшие сроки и наиболее полноценно восстановить эстетические и функциональные возможности кисти.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Traumatic amputations of a thumb may happen as a result of severe mechanical injuries with the primary detachment and destruction of tissues, or following deep burns, frostbites or ischemia. In 70 to 80% of cases of disability and the loss of occupational fitness the key causes are traumatic digit and hand amputations. In 50% of cases the loss of ability to work is due to an amputation of a thumb. This makes the issue of thumb reconstruction a priority in surgery of the hand.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This paper presents our experience in the reconstruction of the functional abilities of the hand in 48 patients with traumatic amputations of a thumb. This was performed with the use of reconstructive plastic microsurgery techniques, namely the free transplantation of a second toe onto the hand. All the patients had a thumb stump at the level of the distal part of the metacarpal bone or the proximal part of the proximal phalanx.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. A positive outcome was achieved in 45 out of the 48 patients treated. Autograft necrosis occurred in three cases. For these patients the thumb reconstruction was performed with the use of other, less functional methods. The functional condition of the hand manifested an improvement according to the electromyography data obtained at the maximum tonic tension of the thenar eminence muscles, flexor and extensor muscles of the reconstructed digit. In all the cases the hand strength increased by 40 to 90% after the reconstructive surgery; the authors attribute this to the recovery of the key handgrip abilities. According to Doppler ultrasonography data the blood flow velocity and the level of blood filling increased in the hand treated.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The reconstruction of functional abilities of the hand with traumatic thumb amputation must be carried out taking into account the available methods of surgical correction and which one of these would be optimal, the evaluation of the patient’s mental status and his or her drive for the fastest possible recovery of the shape and function of the hand. The free autograft of a second toe in place of the lost thumb with microsurgical vascular anastomoses makes it possible to restore most completely the aesthetic and functional abilities of the hand in the shortest possible timeframe.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>восстановительные хирургические операции</kwd><kwd>травматическая ампутация</kwd><kwd>кисть</kwd><kwd>большой палец кисти</kwd><kwd>микрохирургия</kwd><kwd>анастомоз хирургический</kwd><kwd>аутотрансплантация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reconstructive surgical procedures</kwd><kwd>traumatic amputation</kwd><kwd>hand</kwd><kwd>thumb</kwd><kwd>microsurgery</kwd><kwd>surgical anastomosis</kwd><kwd>autograft</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Назарян Г.А., Сухинин Т.Ю. Реплантация кисти и пальцев. 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