<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2019-9-2-144-150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-388</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Киста яичника в постменопаузе (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ovarian Cysts in Menopausal Women (Literature Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тайчинова</surname><given-names>С. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taychinova</surname><given-names>S. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тайчинова Синара Фаритовна — к.м.н., зав. гинекологическим отделением</p><p>тел: +7 9177563681 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taychinova Sinara Faritovna — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Gynecology</p><p>tel.: +7 9177563681 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sinara73@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2047-963X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ганцев</surname><given-names>Ш. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gantsev</surname><given-names>Sh. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ганцев Шамиль Ханафиевич — д.м.н., профессор, директор НИИ онкологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gantsev Shamil Khanafievich — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director of the Scientific Research Institute of Oncology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prfg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муллагалина</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mullagalina</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муллагалина Аида Зиннуровна — к.м.н., врач-ординатор — акушер-гинеколог гинекологического отделения</p><p>тел.: +7 9177520953</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mullagalina Aida Zinnurovna — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Resident, Obstetriciangynecologist of the Department of Gynecology</p><p>tel.: +7 9177520953 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aidamullagalina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акбердина</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akberdina</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акбердина Гульнара Радиковна — клинический ординатор гинекологического отделения</p><p>тел.: +7 9625411745</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akberdina Gulnara Radikovna — Resident of the Department of Gynecology</p><p>tel.: +7 9625411745</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cassie1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический госпиталь «Мать и Дитя»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mother and Child Clinic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тайчинова С.Ф., Ганцев Ш.Х., Муллагалина А.З., Акбердина Г.Р., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тайчинова С.Ф., Ганцев Ш.Х., Муллагалина А.З., Акбердина Г.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Taychinova S.F., Gantsev S.K., Mullagalina A.Z., Akberdina G.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/388">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/388</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Киста яичника встречается в 5–17 % случаев среди женщин в постменопаузе. Возможность наблюдения кист яичника в менопаузе никак не регламентирована в настоящее время российскими рекомендациями и требует анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе проанализированы литературные данные ретроспективных исследований, результатом которых явились выявление исходов кист яичников в менопаузе, опубликованные преимущественно за последние 5 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проанализированные нами ретроспективные и проспективные исследования показали, что риск озлокачествления данного доброкачественного новообразования низкий, в среднем 0,7 %. Результаты крупного проспективного исследования демонстрируют отсутствие необходимости в хирургическом лечении у 80 % пациенток.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Безусловно, наблюдение за пациентками с данной патологией должно проводиться согласно алгоритму, где четко определены критерии для хирургического лечения и сроки наблюдения. Так, хирургическое лечение должно быть показано при наличии хотя бы одного из признаков кисты в яичнике: симптомная, непростой структуры, более 5 см в диаметре, многокамерная, двусторонняя. Определение СА-125 в сочетании с ультразвуковым исследованием, магнитно-резонансной томографией и компьютерной томографией позволяет вычислить индекс риска малигнизации по соответствующей формуле и определить показания для риска редуцирующей двусторонней аднексэктомии. Наблюдение за пациентками без мутации BRCA1/2 с наличием доброкачественного новообразования яичника предполагает четкий поэтапный контроль со своевременным проведением всех необходимых исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, можно сделать следующие выводы: риск малигнизации простых кист в постменопаузе низкий (около 0,7 %), наблюдение кист в перименопаузе возможно и должно проводиться строго согласно алгоритму, превентивная двусторонняя аднексэктомия без признаков патологии яичников показана пациенткам лишь при наличии высокого риска (мутации BRCA1/2 или наличие семейного анамнеза).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The incidence of ovarian cyst amounts to 5–17 % in postmenopausal women. Currently monitoring of or screening for ovarian cysts in menopausal patients is not regimented in the Russian Federation at all. This situation warrants a review.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In this paper the authors review retrospective and prospective studies concerning outcomes in patients with ovarian cysts in menopause published in the last 5 years. Results. The retrospective and prospective studies analysed show that the risk of malignancy of this type of benign neoplasm is low, on average 0.7%. The results of a large prospective study prove that there is no need for surgical treatment in 80% of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. There is now doubt that patients with this disorder should be followed up in accordance with an algorithm that clearly defines the criteria for surgical treatment and the follow up length. Surgical treatment should be indicated when there is at least one of the signs of an ovarian cyst: symptomatic, texture not smooth, over 50 mm in diameter, multilocular, bilateral. A positive CA-125 in combination with ultrasound, MRI and CT imaging make it possible to calculate the risk index with the use of a particular formula and determine the indications for a risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The follow up of BRCA1/2 mutation-free patients with a benign ovarian neoplasm should include a close step-by-step monitoring and all the necessary examinations performed in a timely manner.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The risk of a malignant transformation of an ovarian cyst in menopause is rather low (about 0.7%); following up patients with simple ovarian cysts in menopause is possible and should be carried out in strict compliance with the algorithm; the preventive bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in patients presenting no signs of ovarian pathology is indicated only for the high risk group (BRCA1/2 mutations confirmed or there is family history).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>киста яичника</kwd><kwd>менопауза</kwd><kwd>перименопауза</kwd><kwd>постменопауза</kwd><kwd>малигнизация</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>новообразования яичника</kwd><kwd>овариэктомия</kwd><kwd>ретроспективные исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ovarian cyst</kwd><kwd>menopause</kwd><kwd>perimenopause</kwd><kwd>postmenopause</kwd><kwd>malignancy</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>ovarian neoplasms</kwd><kwd>ovariectomy</kwd><kwd>retrospective studies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hartge P., Hayes R., Reding D., Sherman M.E., Prorok P., Schiffman M., et al. Complex ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are not associated with ovarian cancer risk factors: preliminary data from the prostate, lung, colon, and ovarian cancer screening trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183(5):1232–37. PMID: 11084571</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hartge P., Hayes R., Reding D., Sherman M.E., Prorok P., Schiffman M., et al. Complex ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are not associated with ovarian cancer risk factors: preliminary data from the prostate, lung, colon, and ovarian cancer screening trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183(5):1232–37. PMID: 11084571</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dorum A., Blom G.P., Ekerhovd E., Granberg S. Prevalence and histologic diagnosis of adnexal cysts in postmenopausal women: an autopsy study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192(1):48–54. DOI: 10.1016/j. ajog.2004.07.038</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dorum A., Blom G.P., Ekerhovd E., Granberg S. Prevalence and histologic diagnosis of adnexal cysts in postmenopausal women: an autopsy study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192(1):48–54. DOI: 10.1016/j. ajog.2004.07.038</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenlee R.T., Kessel B., Williams C.R., Riley T.L., Ragard L.R., Hartge P., et al. Prevalence, incidence, and natural history of simple ovarian cysts among women &gt;55 years old in a large cancer screening trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202(4):373, e1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j. ajog.2009.11.029</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenlee R.T., Kessel B., Williams C.R., Riley T.L., Ragard L.R., Hartge P., et al. Prevalence, incidence, and natural history of simple ovarian cysts among women &gt;55 years old in a large cancer screening trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202(4):373, e1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j. ajog.2009.11.029</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zalud I., Busse R., Kurjak B.F. Asymptomatic simple ovarian cyst in postmenopausal women: syndrome of ‘visible ovary’. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;7(2):182–86. DOI: 10.5005/jpjournals-10009-1282</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zalud I., Busse R., Kurjak B.F. Asymptomatic simple ovarian cyst in postmenopausal women: syndrome of ‘visible ovary’. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;7(2):182–86. DOI: 10.5005/jpjournals-10009-1282</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Healy D.L., Bell R., Robertson D.M., Jobling T., Oehler M.K., Edwards A., et al. Ovarian status in healthy postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2008;15(6):1109–14. DOI: 10.1097/ gme.0b013e31816ddb6f</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Healy D.L., Bell R., Robertson D.M., Jobling T., Oehler M.K., Edwards A., et al. Ovarian status in healthy postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2008;15(6):1109–14. DOI: 10.1097/ gme.0b013e31816ddb6f</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова И.В. Аномальные маточные кровотечения у женщин в перименопаузе. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2016. Режим доступа: http://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/07-MOD-1993.html</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova I.V. Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women. Мoscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2016. Available at: http://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/07-MOD-1993.html (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксель Е.М. Статистика злокачественных новообразований женской половой сферы. Онкогинекология. 2012;(1):18–23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aksel E.M. Statistics of malignant tumors of female reproductive system. Gynecologic Oncology. 2012;(1):18–23. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хохлова С.В., Давыдова И.Ю., Новикова Е.Г., Телетаева Г.М., Трякин А.А., Урманчеева А.Ф. Практические рекомендации по лекарственному лечению неэпителиальных опухолей яичников. В кн. Практические рекомендации RUSSCO 2016. М.; 2016. С. 135–46. DOI: 10.18027/2224-5057-2016-4s2-135-146</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khokhlova S.V., Davydova I.Yu., Novikova E.G., Teletaeva G.M., Tryakin A.А., Urmancheeva A.F. Practical recommendations for the drug treatment for non-epithelial ovarian tumors. In: Practical recommendations RUSSCO 2016. Мoscow; 2016. P. 135 –46. DOI: 10.18027/2224-5057-2016-4s2-135-146</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тюляндин С.А., Деньгина Н.В., Коломиец Л.А., Морхов К.Ю., Нечушкина В.М., Покатаев И.А. и др. Практические рекомендации по лекарственному лечению рака яичников / первичного рака брюшины / рака маточных труб. В кн. Практические рекомендации RUSSCO 2017. М.; 2017. С. 135–45. DOI: 10.18027 / 2224-5057- 2017-7-3s2-135-145</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tyulyandin S.А., Dengina N.V., Kolomiets L.А., Morkhov K.Yu, Nechushkina V.M., Pokataev I.А., et al. Practical recommendations for the drug treatment for ovarian cancer / primary peritoneal cancer / fallopian tube cancer. In.: Practical recommendations RUSSCO 2017. Мoscow; 2017. P. 135 –45. DOI: 10.18027 / 2224-5057-2017-7-3s2- 135-145</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guraslan H., Dogan K. Management of unilocular or multilocular cysts more than 5 centimeters in postmenopausal women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;203:40–3. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.05.028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guraslan H., Dogan K. Management of unilocular or multilocular cysts more than 5 centimeters in postmenopausal women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;203:40–3. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.05.028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alcazar J.L., Pascual M.A., Marquez R., Ajossa S., Juez L., Graupera B., et al. Malignancy risk of sonographically benign appearing purely solid adnexal masses in asymptomatic postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2017;24(6):613–16. DOI: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000814</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alcazar J.L., Pascual M.A., Marquez R., Ajossa S., Juez L., Graupera B., et al. Malignancy risk of sonographically benign appearing purely solid adnexal masses in asymptomatic postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2017;24(6):613–16. DOI: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000814</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarkar M., Wolf M.G. Simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women: scope of conservative management. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012;162(1):75–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.12.034</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarkar M., Wolf M.G. Simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women: scope of conservative management. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012;162(1):75–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.12.034</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valentin L., Ameye L., Franchi D., Guerriero S., Jurkovic D., Savelli L., et al. Risk of malignancy in unilocular cysts: a study of 1148 adnexal masses classified as unilocular cysts at transvaginal ultrasound and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;41(1):80–9. DOI: 10.1002/uog.12308</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valentin L., Ameye L., Franchi D., Guerriero S., Jurkovic D., Savelli L., et al. Risk of malignancy in unilocular cysts: a study of 1148 adnexal masses classified as unilocular cysts at transvaginal ultrasound and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;41(1):80–9. DOI: 10.1002/uog.12308</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Froyman W., Landolfo C., De Cock B., Wynants L., Sladkevicius P., Testa A.C., et al. Risk of complications in patients with conservatively managed ovarian tumours (IOTA5): a 2-year interim analysis of a multicentre, prospective, cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(3):448–58. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30837-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Froyman W., Landolfo C., De Cock B., Wynants L., Sladkevicius P., Testa A.C., et al. Risk of complications in patients with conservatively managed ovarian tumours (IOTA5): a 2-year interim analysis of a multicentre, prospective, cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(3):448–58. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30837-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The management of ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women: Greentop Guideline No. 34 [Internet]. London; RCOG: 2016. Available from: https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/greentop-guidelines/gtg_34.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The management of ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women: Greentop Guideline No. 34 [Internet]. London; RCOG: 2016. Available from: https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/greentop-guidelines/gtg_34.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parker W.H. Bilateral oophorectomy: Solving the risk/benefit equation — Choosing candidates, monitoring outcomes Prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy at the time of hysterectomy confers long-term benefits for many women. Contemporary OB/GYN. 2011 July;56:[about 2 p.]. Available from: https://www.contemporaryobgyn.net/modernmedicine-now/bilateral-oophorectomy-solving-riskbenefit-equation-- choosing-candidates-monitoring-outcomes</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parker W.H. Bilateral oophorectomy: Solving the risk/benefit equation — Choosing candidates, monitoring outcomes Prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy at the time of hysterectomy confers longterm benefits for many women. Contemporary OB/GYN. 2011 July;56:[about 2 p.]. Available from: https://www.contemporaryobgyn. net/modern-medicine-now/bilateral-oophorectomy-solvingriskbenefit-equation--choosing-candidates-monitoring-outcomes</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tellawi R.A., Morozov V.V. Prophylactic salpingectomy: The future of ovarian cancer prevention. Contemporary OB/GYN. 2014 March;59:[about 3 p.]. Available from: https://www. contemporaryobgyn.net/gynecology/prophylactic-salpingectomyfuture-ovarian-cancer-prevention</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tellawi R.A., Morozov V.V. Prophylactic salpingectomy: The future of ovarian cancer prevention. Contemporary OB/GYN. 2014 March;59:[about 3 p.]. Available from: https://www. contemporaryobgyn.net/gynecology/prophylactic-salpingectomyfuture-ovarian-cancer-prevention</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Committee Opinion No.620: Salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125:279–81. DOI: 10.1097/01. AOG.0000459871.88564.09</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Committee Opinion No.620: Salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125:279–81. DOI: 10.1097/01. AOG.0000459871.88564.09</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foulkes W.D. Preventing ovarian cancer by salpingectomy. Curr Oncol. 2013; 20(3):139–42. DOI:10.3747/co.20.1613</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foulkes W.D. Preventing ovarian cancer by salpingectomy. Curr Oncol. 2013; 20(3):139–42. DOI:10.3747/co.20.1613</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanley G.E., McAlpine J.N., Kwon J.S., Mitchell G. Opportunistic salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention. Gynecol Oncol Res Pract. 2015;2:5. DOI: 10.1186/s40661-015-0014-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanley G.E., McAlpine J.N., Kwon J.S., Mitchell G. Opportunistic salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention. Gynecol Oncol Res Pract. 2015;2:5. DOI: 10.1186/s40661-015-0014-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hickey M., Ambekar M., Hammond I. Should the ovaries be removed or retained at the time of hysterectomy for benign disease? Hum Reprod Update. 2010;16(2):13141. DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmp037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hickey M., Ambekar M., Hammond I. Should the ovaries be removed or retained at the time of hysterectomy for benign disease? Hum Reprod Update. 2010;16(2):13141. DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmp037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shuster L.T., Grossardt B.R., Gostout B.S., Rocca W.A. Prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy jeopardizes long-term health. Sex Reprod Menopause. 2010;8(4):51–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shuster L.T., Grossardt B.R., Gostout B.S., Rocca W.A. Prophylactic bilateral oophorectomy jeopardizes long-term health. Sex Reprod Menopause. 2010;8(4):51–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCarthy A.M., Menke A., Ouyang P., Visvanathan K. Bilateral oophorectomy, body mass index, and mortality in U.S. women aged 40 years and older. Cancer Prev Res. 2012;5(6):847–54. DOI: 10.1158/19406207</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCarthy A.M., Menke A., Ouyang P., Visvanathan K. Bilateral oophorectomy, body mass index, and mortality in U.S. women aged 40 years and older. Cancer Prev Res. 2012;5(6):847–54. DOI: 10.1158/19406207</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shu C.A., Pike M.C., Jotwani A.R., Friebel T.M., Soslow R.A., Levine D.A., et al. Uterine cancer after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy without hysterectomy in women with BRCA mutations. JAMA Oncol. 2016;2(11):1434–40. DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1820</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shu C.A., Pike M.C., Jotwani A.R., Friebel T.M., Soslow R.A., Levine D.A., et al. Uterine cancer after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy without hysterectomy in women with BRCA mutations. JAMA Oncol. 2016;2(11):1434–40. DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1820</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
