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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2020-10-2-100-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-486</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аваскулярный некроз головки бедренной кости в Республике Башкортостан (клинико-эпидемиологическое исследование)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head in the Republic of Bashkortostan: a Clinical and Epidemiological Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4091-382X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафин</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafin</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мустафин Рустам Наилевич — к.б.н., кафедра медицинской генетики и фундаментальной медицины.</p><p>тел.: 89876171893</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustam N. Mustafi n — Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Department of MedicalGenetics and Fundamental Medicine.</p><p>tel.: 89876171893</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ruji79@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мустафин Р.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мустафин Р.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mustafin R.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/486">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/486</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Аваскулярный некроз головки бедренной кости (АНГБК) — относительно редкое заболевание со сложным патогенезом, поражающее людей трудоспособного возраста и приводящее к инвалидизации вследствие необратимых изменений в пораженном тазобедренном суставе. Достоверных данных об этиологии болезни до сих пор не получено.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовано 42 877 жителей города Уфы, среди которых выявлен 71 случай АНГБК. С согласия больных проведено их анкетирование, изучение амбулаторных карт с выявлением сопутствующей патологии, рентгенография тазобедренных суставов, лабораторные исследования крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Распространенность АНГБК составила 166 на 100 000, соотношение мужчин к женщинам — 1:1,5, средний возраст манифестации — 50 лет. Вторичный некроз выявлен в 14 %, двусторонне поражение — в 42 % случаев. Обнаружена семья с наследственной формой болезни (мама, дочь и бабушка). Определено значительное преобладание больных от родителей одной национальности, что позволяет предположить протективную роль метисации в отношении данной патологии. У 31 % пациентов болезнь характеризовалась атипичной клиникой, напоминающей люмбаго с ишиасом, в связи с чем АНГБК диагностировался на поздней стадии. Факторами риска болезни оказались курение и длительный контакт с химическими веществами, выявлена ассоциация с гипертонической болезнью, хронической ишемией головного мозга, анемией, гиперхолестеринемией и воспалительными процессами. Представлены данные выявленных особенностей рентгенологической картины заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведенное исследование позволило установить точную частоту встречаемости АНГБК — 1 случай на 600 человек. Идиопатический АНГБК составил 86 %, с влиянием на развитие болезни таких факторов риска, как курение и длительный контакт с химическими агентами на производстве. Анализ родословных больных показал низкий процент пациентов в смешанных по этнической принадлежности браках. Выявлена коморбидность АНГБК с гипертонической болезнью у 56 % пациентов и с хронической ишемией головного мозга (42 %). Атипичная клиника у 1/3 больных АНГБК с напоминающими люмбаго с ишиасом симптомами говорят о необходимости проведения рентгенографии и МРТ тазобедренных суставов у данной категории пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH) is a relatively rare complex disease that occurs in people of working age and leads to disability due to irreversible changes in the aff ected hip joint. Aetiology of the disease has not been reliably established so far.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Among a total of 42,877 residents of Ufa surveyed, 71 were diagnosed with AVNFH. Patients granted an informed consent to conduct the survey, access the outpatient history of concomitant pathology, perform hip X-ray and laboratory blood tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Th e AVNFH incidence rate was 166 per 100,000 people, with the men to women ratio 1:1.5 and average age of manifestation 50 years. Secondary necrosis was established in 14, and bilateral lesion — in 42 % of cases. A family with hereditary AVNFH (mother, daughter and grandmother) was observed. A significantly higher incidence rate was observed with children in mononational families, which suggests a protective role of crossbreeding against this pathology. In 31 % of patients, the disease manifested atypically resembling lumbago with sciatica, which entailed a late AVNFH diagnosis. Smoking and long-term contact with chemicals were identified as the risk factors, and hypertension, chronic cerebral ischemia, anaemia, hypercholesterolemia and chronic inflammation — as associated disorders. A radiological profi le of the disease is described.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Th e study allowed a precise estimation of the AVNFH incidence rate as 1 per 600 people. Idiopathic AVNFH occurred in 86 % of cases, with smoking and professional long-term contact with chemical agents as associated risk factors. Pedigree studies exposed a low incident rate in ethnically mixed families. AVNFH was shown comorbid with the hypertensive disease in 56 and chronic cerebral ischemia — in 42 % of patients. Atypical lumbago-sciatica-like symptoms in 1/3 of AVNFH cases warrant the need to conduct hip X-ray and MRI in this category of patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>некроз головки бедренной кости</kwd><kwd>остеонекроз</kwd><kwd>остеоартроз</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>генетические факторы</kwd><kwd>рентгенография</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>femoral head necrosis</kwd><kwd>osteonecrosis</kwd><kwd>osteoarthritis</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>genetic factors</kwd><kwd>radiography</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andriolo L., Merli G., Tobar C., Altamura S.A., Kon E., Filardo G. Regenerative therapies increase survivorship of avascular necrosis of the femoral head: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Orthop. 2018;42(7):1689–704. 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