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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2020-10-3-190-197</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-504</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии на функцию анального держания у пациентов с низкими раками прямой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of Neoadjuvant Chemio-Radiation Therapy on the Anal Sphincter Function in Patients with Low Rectal Cancers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0641-0572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байчоров</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baichorov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., отделение колопроктологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Department of Coloproctology,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baiaslan87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-615X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Расулов</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rasulov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, отдел малоинвазивной тазовой хирургии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Minimally Invasive Pelvic Surgery, </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский клинический научный центр им. А.С. Логинова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ урологии и интервенционной радиологии им. Н.А. Лопаткина — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology — branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>197</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Байчоров А.Б., Расулов А.О., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Байчоров А.Б., Расулов А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baichorov A.B., Rasulov A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/504">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/504</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Целью исследования явилась сравнительная оценка функциональных результатов до и после проведения неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ функциональных результатов проспективного клинического исследования, в которое включены 90 пациентов, перенесших низкую переднюю резекцию прямой кишки по поводу рака нижне- или среднеампулярного отдела прямой кишки сТ1–4aN0–2M0 с различными методами реконструкции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. В группу А включены 22 пациента с J‑образными резервуарами (J‑ОР), в группу Б с анастомозами «бок-вконец» (БВК) — 30 и группу В с анастомозами «конец-в‑конец» (КВК) — 38. Из общей группы исследования (n = 90) в  43  случаях была проведена неоадъювантная химиолучевая терапия против 47 пациентов, которые не подвергались предоперационному лечению. По частоте применяемых реконструктивных методик в группах с нХЛТ и без нХЛТ статистически значимой разницы не выявлено (р = 0,725). Также не было различий по частоте послеоперационных осложнений (р = 0,103). Исходные показатели баллов шкалы Wexner и  результаты аноректальной манометрии в  группах сравнения были сопоставимы (p &gt; 0,05), однако по завершении курса нХЛТ и на протяжении периода с момента операции до 12 месяцев после закрытия превентивных кишечных стом функциональные результаты были менее удовлетворительны в группе пациентов, перенесших нХЛТ (n = 43), по сравнению с группой без нХЛТ (n = 47). Однако статистически значимая разница в результатах была прослежена с момента завершения нХЛТ до 3 месяцев после закрытия стомы (p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведение неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии имеет негативное последствие на функцию анального держания, что требует проведения параллельной сопроводительной терапии и физиореабилитации как на этапах нХЛТ, так и на отдаленных интервалах времени после основного хирургического этапа лечения. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to compare functional results prior to and following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. An analysis of the functional results of a prospective clinical study was carried out. The study included 90 patients who underwent low anterior rectal resection for cancer of the lower or middle ampullar rectum with T1-4aN0-2M0 using various reconstruction methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Group A included 22 patients with J-shaped reservoirs; group B — 30 patients with side-to-end anastomoses; group C — 38 patients with end-to-end anastomoses. Out of the total study group (n = 90), 43 patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs. 47 patients without any preoperative treatment. No statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of applied reconstructive techniques (р = 0.725) and the incidence of postoperative complications (p = 0.103) in the groups with and without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The baseline scores of the Wexner scale and the results of anorectal manometry in the comparison groups were comparable (p &gt; 0.05). However, upon completion of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and during the period from the moment of surgery up to 12 months after the closure of preventive intestinal stomas, the functional results were less satisfactory in the group of patients having received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (n = 43) with regard to the comparison group (n =  47). Nevertheless, a statistically significant difference in the results was observed from the end of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy up to 3 months after closure of the stoma (p &lt;0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy has a negative effect on the function of the anal sphincter, thus requiring concomitant therapy and physiotherapy both at the stages of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and at long intervals after the main surgical stage. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>низкая передняя резекция прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>хирургический анастомоз</kwd><kwd>толстокишечный резервуар</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная химиолучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>недержание кала</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>low anterior rectal resection</kwd><kwd>surgical anastomosis</kwd><kwd>colonic reservoir</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy</kwd><kwd>anal leakage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ерыгин Д.В., Бердов Б.А., Невольских А.А., Титова Л.Н., Смирнова С.Г. 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