surgoncoКреативная хирургия и онкологияCreative surgery and oncology2076-30932307-0501Башкирский государственный медицинский университет10.24060/2076-3093-2021-11-2-183-187surgonco-589Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSПрогностическое значение мутаций в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 при раке предстательной железы (обзор литературы)Prognostic Value of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations in Prostate Cancer: a Literature Reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1550-6069ЛогиноваМ. В.LoginovaM. V.

Логинова Мария Владиславовна — онкологическое отделение противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии, кафедра урологии с курсом ИДПО, +7 (937) 166-14-08

Россия, Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

 

Maria V. Loginova — Anticancer Drug Therapy Unit, Department of Urology with a course of Advanced Professional Education

Ufa, Russian Federation

mariialoginova25@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-4897ПавловВ. Н.PavlovV. N.

Павлов Валентин Николаевич — д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, кафедра урологии с курсом ИДПО

Россия, Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Valentin N. Pavlov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Urology with a course of Advanced Professional Education

Ufa, Russian Federation

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9499-5632ГилязоваИ. Р.GilyazovaI. R.

Гилязова Ирина Ришатовна — к.б.н., кафедра медицинской генетики и фундаментальной медицины, лаборатория молекулярной генетики человека

Россия, Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Irina R. Gilyazova — Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics

Ufa, Russian Federation

Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер; Башкирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияRepublican Clinical Oncological Dispensary; Bashkir State Medical UniversityRussian FederationБашкирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияBashkir State Medical UniversityRussian FederationИнститут биохимии и генетики Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра РАНРоссияInstitute of Biochemistry and Genetics of Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202122052021112183187Copyright © Логинова М.В., Павлов В.Н., Гилязова И.Р., 20212021Логинова М.В., Павлов В.Н., Гилязова И.Р.Loginova M.V., Pavlov V.N., Gilyazova I.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/589

Во всем мире наблюдается значительный рост злокачественных новообразований предстательной железы. Большое количество пациентов на момент выявления заболевания являются неоперабельными. Выбор правильной тактики лечения является сложной задачей на сегодняшний день. Метастатический кастрационно-резистентный рак предстательной железы в настоящее время остается смертельным заболеванием с плохим прогнозом, но с каждым годом список химиотерапевтических препаратов и ингибиторов передачи сигналов андрогеновых рецепторов расширяется и достигаются определенные успехи в лечении пациентов с данным заболеванием. Многочисленные исследования показывают, что во многих случаях неблагоприятный прогноз у пациентов связан с герминальными мутациями или приобретенными дефектами в генах репарации ДНК. Среди дефектов ДНК мутации в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 имеют важные клинические последствия для исхода заболевания у пациента. Мутации в этих генах связаны с неблагоприятными клиническими проявлениями в первичных опухолях и с плохими результатами лечения у пациентов с метастатическим кастрационно-резистентным раком предстательной железы. В данном обзоре делается попытка описать мутации в генах BRCA1/2 при раке предстательной железы, сосредоточив внимание на их прогностической роли.

Prostate malignancies aggressively grow worldwide frequently occurring inoperable at diagnosis. A proper choice of treatment strategy is currently a challenge. Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer remains fatal and poor-prognosis, albeit the list of chemotherapeutic agents and androgen receptor signalling inhibitors has recently been extending towards a certain therapeutic success. Numerous studies suggest a frequent association of the unfavourable prognosis with germline or somatic damage of DNA repair genes. Such are mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes bearing important clinical implications for the patient outcome through an adverse clinical manifest of primary tumours and poor treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review attempts to describe the BRCA1/2 mutations in prostate cancer with a focus on their prognostic value.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.