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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2021-11-4-343-353</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-639</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аллопластические и имплантационные материалы для костной пластики: обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alloplastic and Implant Materials for Bone Grafting: a Literature Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухаметов</surname><given-names>У. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhametov</surname><given-names>U. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухаметов Урал Фаритович, к.м.н., отделение травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>Республика Башкортостан, Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ural F. Mukhametov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Trauma and Orthopaedic Unit</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2549-1059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люлин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyulin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Люлин Сергей Владимирович, д.м.н., отделение хирургии позвоночника и нейрохирургии</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Lyulin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Department of Spine Surgery and Neurosurgery</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борзунов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borzunov</surname><given-names>D. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борзунов Дмитрий Юрьевич, д.м.н., профессор, кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Y. Borzunov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-0835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гареев</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gareev</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гареев Ильгиз Фанилевич, Ph.D, Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория</p><p>Республика Башкортостан, Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilgiz F. Gareev, MD Ph.D., Central Research Laboratory</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilgiz_gareev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-5460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бейлерли</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beylerli</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бейлерли Озал Арзуман оглы — Ph.D, Центральная научно-исследовательская лаборатория</p><p>Республика Башкортостан, Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ozal A. Beylerli, MD Ph.D., Central Research Laboratory</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-1914</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Guang Yang, Ph.D., профессор, кафедра нейрохирургии</p><p>провинция Хэйлунцзян, Харбин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guang Yang, MD Ph.D., Prof., Department of Neurosurger</p><p>Harbin</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканская клиническая больница им. Г.Г. Куватова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.G. Kuvatov Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр «Кармель»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Centre “Carmel”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый аффилированный госпиталь Харбинского медицинского университета</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Affi liated Hospital of Harbin Medical University</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>343</fpage><lpage>353</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мухаметов У.Ф., Люлин С.В., Борзунов Д.Ю., Гареев И.Ф., Бейлерли О.А., Yang G., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мухаметов У.Ф., Люлин С.В., Борзунов Д.Ю., Гареев И.Ф., Бейлерли О.А., Yang G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mukhametov U.F., Lyulin S.V., Borzunov D.Y., Gareev I.F., Beylerli O.A., Yang G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/639">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/639</self-uri><abstract><p>Восстановление костных дефектов, вызванных травмой, инфекциями, опухолями или врожденными генетическими нарушениями, является важной проблемой в  современной медицине, которая обычно требует использования материалов для костной пластики. При этом аутологичная кость, или аутотрансплантат, попрежнему считается «золотым стандартом» и  наиболее эффективным методом для восстановления костных дефектов и регенерации костной ткани. Однако при всех преимуществах костной аутотрансплантации имеется ряд проблем, связанных с ограниченным объемом донорского материала, болями в зоне забора имплантатов и опасностью возникновения возможных осложнений (несращений, отторжений трансплантатов, инфекции, ятрогенных переломов, тромбозов артериовенозных шунтов при применении микрохирургической техники и т. д.). Поэтому имеется необходимость в разработке улучшенных биоматериалов, которые бы максимально соответствовали характеристикам аутотрансплантатов. В связи с этим наряду с рациональным выбором новых хирургических методик актуальным становится выбор оптимальных имплантационных материалов. Оценка остеокондуктивных и остеоиндуктивных свойств современных остеопластических материалов является одним из направлений исследований по поиску оптимальных имплантов для лечения пациентов с костными дефектами в челюстно-лицевой хирургии, нейрохирургии и травматологии и ортопедии. При этом данные биоматериалы можно комбинировать с аллопластическим материалом, в результате чего может быть разработан имплант, который удовлетворяет требованиям по остеокондукции, остеоиндукции и остеогенезу. Аналитический обзор доступной литературы посвящен современному состоянию проблемы применения аллопластических имплантационных материалов, что, по нашему мнению, может послужить основой для разработки инновационных заменителей костных ауто- и аллотрансплантатов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bone reconstruction aft er trauma, infection, tumour or congenital genetic disorder is an important subject of modern medicine usually relying on bone graft ing materials. Autologous bone or autograft is still considered the “gold standard” most eff ective in bone defect reconstruction and osseous regeneration. Having the advantages of autograft ing, a series of issues remain related to a limited donor material, painful graft taking and the risk of putative complications (nonunions, graft rejection, infection, iatrogenic fractures, post-microsurgery arteriovenous shunt thrombosis, etc.). Th erefore, improved biomaterials are demanded to adequately meet the autograft criteria. Choosing optimal graft materials becomes relevant, aside to the rationale of selecting new surgical techniques. Th e osteoconductive and osteoinductive property evaluation in modern osteoplastic materials comprises a research avenue into optimal graft development for osseous correction in maxillofacial surgery, neurosurgery, traumatology and orthopaedics. Such biomaterials can be combined with alloplastic graft s to attain the required properties of osteoconduction, osteoinduction and osteogenesis. Th is analytic literature review focuses on current state-of-the-art in alloplastic graft ing that, in our opinion, grounds the progress of auto- and allograft innovative development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>костная пластика</kwd><kwd>имплантационные материалы</kwd><kwd>дефект</kwd><kwd>остеокондукция</kwd><kwd>остеоиндукция</kwd><kwd>остеогенез</kwd><kwd>биосовместимые материалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bone grafting</kwd><kwd>implant materials</kwd><kwd>defect</kwd><kwd>osteoconduction</kwd><kwd>osteoinduction</kwd><kwd>osteogenesis</kwd><kwd>biocompatible materials</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Busch A., Wegner A., Haversath M., Jäger M. 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