<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2022-12-2-123-127</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-693</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Осложнение уменьшения аорто-мезентериального угла и дистанции его диагностики и лечения: клинический случай</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Complication Of Decrease In Aorto-Mesenteric Angle And Distance Its Diagnosis And Treatment: Case Report</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-1682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галимов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galimov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, кафедра хирургических болезней и новых технологий с курсом ИДПО</p><p> Уфа </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Surgical Diseases and New Technologies with a course of Advanced Professional Education </p><p> Ufa </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ханов</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khanov</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д.м.н., профессор, кафедра хирургических болезней и новых технологий с курсом ИДПО</p><p> Уфа </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Surgical Diseases and New Technologies with a course of Advanced Professional Education </p><p> Ufa </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2406-2228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кархани</surname><given-names>Х.М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karkhani</surname><given-names>H.M. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кафедра хирургических болезней и новых технологий с курсом ИДПО</p><p> Уфа </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Surgical Diseases and New Technologies with a course of Advanced Professional Education </p><p> Ufa </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hewa.karkhani@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7014-4307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарма</surname><given-names>Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bhawna</surname><given-names>Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент 6 курса</p><p> Уфа </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Graduate Student (6th year) </p><p> Ufa </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-4345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимов</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimov</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кафедра хирургических болезней и новых технологий с курсом ИДПО</p><p>Уфа </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Surgical Diseases and New Technologies with a course of Advanced Professional Education </p><p> Ufa </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>127</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галимов О.В., Ханов В.О., Кархани Х.Х., Шарма Б., Ибрагимов Т.Р., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галимов О.В., Ханов В.О., Кархани Х.Х., Шарма Б., Ибрагимов Т.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galimov O.V., Khanov V.O., Karkhani H.H., Bhawna S., Ibragimov T.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/693">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/693</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Синдром Уилки — это заболевание, вызванное аномальным расположением верхней брыжеечной артерии, отходящей от брюшной части аорты. В результате дистальная часть двенадцатиперстной кишки сдавливается между брюшной аортой, позвоночником и верхней брыжеечной артерией, что создает препятствие для прохождения химуса в просвет двенадцатиперстной кишки, создавая механическую обструкцию.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: обратить внимание хирургов на возможность развития редкого осложнения уменьшения аорто-мезентериального угла и дистанции, подчеркнув сложности в диагностике и лечении.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В данной статье представлен клинический случай синдрома Уилки у 28-летнего пациента, диагностированный в хирургическом отделении клиники БГМУ. Пациент страдает от симптомов синдрома Уилки с 2018 года. При поступлении в хирургическое отделение клиники БГМУ на основании результатов КТ-сканирования брюшной полости с комбинированным контрастированием желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки per os с водорастворимым контрастом и компьютерной ангиографией сосудов диагноз был подтвержден. В качестве лечения пациенту была выполнена дуоденоеюностомия (лапароскопическая операция Стронга).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Отсутствие своевременной диагностики этого заболевания может привести к жизнеугрожающим осложнениям, а постановка диагноза на ранней стадии затруднена сходством начальных проявлений с другими заболеваниями гастропанкреатикодуоденальной зоны. Одним из наиболее информативных подходов в диагностике синдрома Уилки является использование КТ-сканирования брюшной полости с комбинированным контрастированием желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки per os с водорастворимым контрастом и компьютерной ангиографией сосудов. В данном клиническом случае за счет комбинации методов мы могли оценить функциональное состояние желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки, четко визуализировать не только топографию органов, но и оценить аорто-мезентериальный угол и расстояние, что в дальнейшем может определить вид и тактику лечения на начальном этапе. Нами было принято решение о хирургическом вмешательстве (лапароскопическая операция Стронга). Послеоперационный период протекал без каких-либо осложнений. Пациент отмечал улучшение состояния и исчезновение болей в эпигастрии и был выписан через 9 дней после госпитализации в удовлетворительном состоянии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Для своевременной диагностики и лечения, а также предупреждения возможных осложнений необходимо повысить информированность хирургов об этой патологии, которая при затягивании в диагностике и лечении может привести к тяжелым осложнениям, вплоть до смерти. Однако диагностика на ранних стадиях, особенно с помощью компьютерной томографии с контрастированием, ангиографии, и своевременно проведенное лечение могут сохранить жизнь и предупредить развитие фатальных осложнений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Wilkie syndrome is a pathological manifestation caused by an abnormal disorder of the superior mesenteric artery arising from the abdominal part of the aorta. As a result, the distal part of the duodenum is compressed between the abdominal aorta, spine, and SMA, which creates a hindrance for the passage of himus in the duodenum, creating a mechanical obstruction.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To draw the surgeons’ attention towards the possibility of developing a rare complication of decreased aorto-mesenteric angle and the distance, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This article presents a clinical case of WS diagnosed in the surgical department of the BSMU clinic. We hereby discuss the case report of a 28-year-old patient diagnosed at the initial stage of WS. The patient had been suffering from the symptoms of WS since 2018 but wasn’t able to identify the disease, but when he came to the surgical department of BSMU clinic based on the results of abdominal CT-scan with combined contrast of the stomach and duodenum per os with water-soluble contrast and computer angiography of the mesenteric vessels, the diagnosis was confirmed. The patient was treated with the duodenojejunostomy (laparoscopic Strong’s operation).</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Absence of timely diagnosis of this disease can lead to life-threatening complications, and early diagnostics is complicated by similarity of initial manifestations with other gastropancreaticoduodenal diseases. One of the most promising approach in the diagnosis of Wilkie syndrome is the use of abdominal CT-scan with combined contrasting of the stomach and duodenum per os with water-soluble contrast and computer angiography of vessels. In the present clinical case due to the given combination of methods we can assess functional state of the stomach and duodenum, clearly visualize not only the organs topography but also estimate the aorto-mesenteric angle and distance, which can further determine the type and tactics of initial stage treatment, which we decided to perform surgery (laparoscopic Strong’s operation). The postoperative period was without complications. The patient noted an improvement in the state and the relief of pain in the epigastrium and was discharged after 9 days of hospitalization in satisfactory condition.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For diagnosis and treatment in time as well as prevention of possible complications, it is necessary to improve surgeons’ information about this pathology, which if diagnosed and treated late can lead to severe, life-threatening complications up to death. The diagnosis at the initial stages, specifically with the assistance of computer tomography with contrast, angiography, and treatment in a timely manner, can preserve life and prevent the possible outcomes of fatal complications.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Уилки</kwd><kwd>синдром брыжеечной верхней артерии</kwd><kwd>лапароскопическая операция Стронга</kwd><kwd>дуоденоеюностомия</kwd><kwd>аорто-мезентериальный угол и дистанция</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография с контрастированием</kwd><kwd>ангиография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Wilkie’s syndrome</kwd><kwd>superior mesenteric artery syndrome</kwd><kwd>laparoscopic Strong’s operation</kwd><kwd>duodenojejunostomy</kwd><kwd>aorto-mesenteric angle and distance</kwd><kwd>CT-scan with contrast</kwd><kwd>angiography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karki B., Pun B., Shrestha A., Shrestha P.S. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Clin Case Rep. 2020;8:2295–7. DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karki B., Pun B., Shrestha A., Shrestha P.S. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Clin Case Rep. 2020;8:2295–7. DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farina R., Iannace F.A., Foti P.V., Conti A., Inì C., Libra F., et al. A case of nutcracker syndrome combined with wilkie syndrome with unusual clinical presentation. Am J Case Rep. 2020;21:e922715. DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.922715</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farina R., Iannace F.A., Foti P.V., Conti A., Inì C., Libra F., et al. A case of nutcracker syndrome combined with wilkie syndrome with unusual clinical presentation. Am J Case Rep. 2020;21:e922715. DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.922715</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рябых С.О., Скрябин Е.Г., Чевжик В.П., Филатов Е.Ю. Клинический случай артериомезентериальной компрессии двенадцатиперстной кишки как осложнение оперативной коррекции типичного идиопатического сколиоза. Хирургия позвоночника. 2020;17(2):6–14. DOI: 10.14531/ss2020.2.6-14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryabykh S.O., Scryabin E.G., Chevzhik V.P., Filatov E.Y. Arteriomesenteric compression of the duodenum as a complication of the surgical correction of typical idiopathic scoliosis: clinical case. Hirurgia Pozvonochnika. 2020;17(2):6–14 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.14531/ss2020.2.6-14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamidi H., Tareq Rahimi M., Maroof S., Ahrar Soroush F. Computed tomography features and surgical treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome: A case report. Radiol Case Rep. 2019;14(12):1529–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2019.09.036</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hamidi H., Tareq Rahimi M., Maroof S., Ahrar Soroush F. Computed tomography features and surgical treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome: A case report. Radiol Case Rep. 2019;14(12):1529–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2019.09.036</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhatt S., Mishra B., Tandon A., Manchanda S., Parthsarathy G. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in association with abdominal tuberculosis: an eye opener. Malays J Med Sci. 2017;24(3):96–100. DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.3.12</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhatt S., Mishra B., Tandon A., Manchanda S., Parthsarathy G. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in association with abdominal tuberculosis: an eye opener. Malays J Med Sci. 2017;24(3):96–100. DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.3.12</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Habib A.E., Din M.N. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome caused by acute weight loss in a 16-year-old polytrauma patient: A rare case report and review of the literature. Ann Med Surg. 2021;65:102284. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102284</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Habib A.E., Din M.N. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome caused by acute weight loss in a 16-year-old polytrauma patient: A rare case report and review of the literature. Ann Med Surg. 2021;65:102284. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102284</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hangge P.T., Gupta N., Khurana A., Quencer K.B., Albadawi H., Alzubaidi S.J., et al. Degree of left renal vein compression predicts Nutcracker syndrome. J Clin Med. 2018;7(5):107. DOI: 10.3390/jcm7050107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hangge P.T., Gupta N., Khurana A., Quencer K.B., Albadawi H., Alzubaidi S.J., et al. Degree of left renal vein compression predicts Nutcracker syndrome. J Clin Med. 2018;7(5):107. DOI: 10.3390/jcm7050107</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warncke E.S., Gursahaney D.L., Mascolo M., Dee E. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: a radiographic review. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2019;44(9):3188–94. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02066-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Warncke E.S., Gursahaney D.L., Mascolo M., Dee E. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: a radiographic review. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2019;44(9):3188–94. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02066-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhagirath Desai A., Sandeep Shah D., Jagat Bhatt C., Umesh Vaishnav K., Salvi B. Measurement of the distance and angle between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery on CT scan: values in indian population in different BMI categories. Indian J Surg. 2015;77(Suppl 2):614–7. DOI: 10.1007/s12262-013-0941-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhagirath Desai A., Sandeep Shah D., Jagat Bhatt C., Umesh Vaishnav K., Salvi B. Measurement of the distance and angle between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery on CT scan: values in indian population in different BMI categories. Indian J Surg. 2015;77(Suppl 2):614–7. DOI: 10.1007/s12262-013-0941-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esmat H.A., Najah D.M. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome caused by acute weight loss in a 16-year-old polytrauma patient: A rare case report and review of the literature. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;65(102284):102284. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102284</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esmat H.A., Najah D.M. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome caused by acute weight loss in a 16-year-old polytrauma patient: A rare case report and review of the literature. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;65(102284):102284. DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102284</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohtashami A., Chui J.N., Law C., Cole-Clark D., Simon R. Postoperative superior mesenteric artery syndrome following appendicectomy: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022;90(106629):106629. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106629</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohtashami A., Chui J.N., Law C., Cole-Clark D., Simon R. Postoperative superior mesenteric artery syndrome following appendicectomy: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022;90(106629):106629. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106629</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan C., Hu Z.-W., Wu J.-M., Zhang C., Yan L., Wang Z.-G. Laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication with duodenojejunostomy for the management of superior mesenteric artery syndrome with reflux symptoms. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(3):e5771. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005771</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yan C., Hu Z.-W., Wu J.-M., Zhang C., Yan L., Wang Z.-G. Laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication with duodenojejunostomy for the management of superior mesenteric artery syndrome with reflux symptoms. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(3):e5771. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005771</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hidayatullah H., Mohammad T.R., Sahar M., Freba A.S. Computed tomography features and surgical treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome: A case report. Radiology Case Reports.2019;14:1529–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2019.09.036</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hidayatullah H., Mohammad T.R., Sahar M., Freba A.S. Computed tomography features and surgical treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome: A case report. Radiology Case Reports.2019;14:1529–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2019.09.036</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu M.M., Dawod E., Gaidhane M., Tyberg A., Kahaleh M. Reverse endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy for the treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome: a new concept. Clin Endosc. 2020;53(1):94–6. DOI: 10.5946/ce.2018.196</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu M.M., Dawod E., Gaidhane M., Tyberg A., Kahaleh M. Reverse endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy for the treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome: a new concept. Clin Endosc. 2020;53(1):94–6. DOI: 10.5946/ce.2018.196</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cicero G., D’Angelo T., Bottari A., Costantino G., Visalli C., Racchiusa S., et al. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in patients with Crohn’s disease: a description of 2 cases studied with a novel magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) procedure. Am J Case Rep. 2018;19:431–7. DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.908273</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cicero G., D’Angelo T., Bottari A., Costantino G., Visalli C., Racchiusa S., et al. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in patients with Crohn’s disease: a description of 2 cases studied with a novel magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) procedure. Am J Case Rep. 2018;19:431–7. DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.908273</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Druckera N.A., Marine M.B., Rescorla F.J. Gastric pneumatosis: An unusual presentation of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. J Pediatr Surg Case Reports. 2018;36:25–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2018.06.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Druckera N.A., Marine M.B., Rescorla F.J. Gastric pneumatosis: An unusual presentation of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. J Pediatr Surg Case Reports. 2018;36:25–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2018.06.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
