surgoncoКреативная хирургия и онкологияCreative surgery and oncology2076-30932307-0501Башкирский государственный медицинский университет10.24060/2076-3093-2022-12-4-320-327surgonco-739Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSВИЧ-ассоциированные лимфомыHIV-associated lymphomashttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9673-1067ДудинаГ. А.DudinaG. A.

Дудина Галина Анатольевна — д.м.н., профессор, кафедра онкологии, гематологии и лучевойтерапии педиатрического факультета, отделение гематологии и химиотерапии гемобластозов, научныйотдел онкогематологии и вторичных иммунодефицитных заболеваний

Москва

Galina A. Dudina — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Oncology, Hematology and Radiation Therapy of the Faculty of Pediatrics, Unit of Hematology and Chemotherapy of Hemoblastosis, Scientific Unit of Oncohematology and Secondary Immunodefi ciency Diseases

Moscow

dudina_gal@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-4791МабудзадеЧ. К.MabudzadaCh. K.

Мабудзаде Чингиз Камран оглы — младший научный сотрудник, научный отдел онкогематологии и вторичных иммунодефицитных заболеваний

Москва

Chingiz K. Mabudzada — Junior Researcher, Scientific Unit of Oncohematology and Secondary Immunodefi ciency Diseases

Moscow

ОганнисянА. А.OgannisyanA. A.

Оганнисян Арман Андраникович — отделение гематологии и химиотерапии гемобластозов

Москва

Arman A. Ogannisyan — Unit of Hematology and Chemotherapy of Hemoblastosis

Moscow

НемыкинВ. Н.NemikinV. N.

Немыкин Вадим Николаевич — отделение гематологии и химиотерапии гемобластозов

Москва

Vadim N. Nemikin — Unit of Hematology and Chemotherapy of Hemoblastosis

Moscow

Московский клинический научный центр им. А.С. Логинова; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. ПироговаРоссияLoginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationМосковский клинический научный центр им. А.С. ЛогиноваРоссияLoginov Moscow Clinical Scientific CenterRussian Federation202205012023124320327Copyright © Дудина Г.А., Мабудзаде Ч.К., Оганнисян А.А., Немыкин В.Н., 20232023Дудина Г.А., Мабудзаде Ч.К., Оганнисян А.А., Немыкин В.Н.Dudina G.A., Mabudzada C.K., Ogannisyan A.A., Nemikin V.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/739

Стабильный рост в мире числа людей, живущих с вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ЛЖВИЧ), и методов диагностики требует отдельного разбора специфических для указанной категории пациентов нозологий, в том числе лимфопролиферативных заболеваний, развитие части которых непосредственно ассоциировано с вирусом в связи с его онкогенным действием, и тех, что не относятся к непосредственно к ВИЧ-связанным, но вносящих нюансы в диагностические и терапевтические подходы при наличии у пациента ВИЧ-положительного статуса. С этой целью в статье рассмотрены лимфомы у ЛЖВИЧ, приведена классификация ВИЧ-ассоциированных лимфом Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ), описаны современные представления об известных механизмах патогенеза, в том числе о роли оппортунистических инфекций, и общие принципы диагностической и терапевтической тактики, приведены рекомендации по модификации доз химиопрепаратов в зависимости от иммунного статуса и по профилактике поражения центральной нервной системы. Отдельно рассмотрены конкретные типы лимфом (лимфома Беркитта, диффузная В-крупноклеточная лимфома), в том числе наиболее часто сопровождающие пациентов, живущих с ВИЧ (первичная выпотная лимфома, плазмобластная лимфома, первичная лимфома центральной нервной системы), но редкие в неинфицированной популяции.

A steady worldwide increase in the number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and diagnostic methods requires a separate review of patient-specific nosologies, including lymphoproliferative diseases, some of which are directly associated with the virus due to its oncogenic effect and those that do not relate directly to HIV but introduce nuances to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches when a patient is HIV-positive. Towards this, the paper generally reviews lymphomas in PLHIV, presents the WHO classification of HIV-associated lymphomas, describes a contemporary view of the known mechanisms of pathogenesis, including the role of opportunistic infections, and general principles of diagnostic and therapeutic tactics, provides recommendations on modifying the doses of chemotherapy correlated with the immune status and on preventing CNS involvement. Specific types of lymphoma (Burkitt’s lymphoma, diff use large B-cell lymphoma) are considered separately, including those most frequently associated with patients living with HIV (primary effusion lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, primary central nervous system lymphoma), but rare in the uninfected population.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.