surgoncoКреативная хирургия и онкологияCreative surgery and oncology2076-30932307-0501Башкирский государственный медицинский университет10.24060/2076-3093-2022-12-4-328-336surgonco-740Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSНовые взгляды на патогенез и диагностику перитонеального канцероматозаNew views on pathogenesis and diagnosis of peritoneal carcinomatosishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3342-1974ИшмуратоваК. Р.IshmuratovaK. R.

Ишмуратова Камилла Рафхатовна — кафедра онкологии с курсами онкологии и патологической анатомии ИДПО

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Kamilla R. Ishmuratova — Department of Oncology with Courses of Oncology and Pathological Anatomy for Advanced Professional Education

Ufa

kamilla-93@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7562-5684ГанцевК. Ш.GantsevK. Sh.

Ганцев Камиль Шамилевич — д.м.н., профессор, кафедра онкологии с курсами онкологии и патологической анатомии ИДПО

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Kamil Sh. Gantsev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Oncology with Courses of Oncology and Pathological Anatomy for Advanced Professional Education

Ufa

Башкирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияBashkir State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202205012023124328336Copyright © Ишмуратова К.Р., Ганцев К.Ш., 20232023Ишмуратова К.Р., Ганцев К.Ш.Ishmuratova K.R., Gantsev K.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/740

Метастазирование в брюшину встречается при ряде гетерогенных опухолей, происходящих из яичников, желудка, кишечника, поджелудочной железы, легких, молочной железы и меланомы. Возникновение перитонеального канцероматоза значительно снижает общую выживаемость. Диссеминация опухолевых клеток по брюшине усугубляет течение заболевания и трудно поддается лечению. Несмотря на применение локорегионарного воздействия, перитонеальный канцероматоз все так же считается отягощающим фактором с неблагоприятным прогнозом. Отсутствие полного представления о молекулярно-биологических особенностях метастазирования опухолей в брюшину, общепризнанных стандартов диагностики и лечения при злокачественных новообразованиях различных локализаций не позволяет обозначить перитонеальный канцероматоз как отдельный локорегионарный процесс со своей биологией и онкогенезом. Рассмотрение канцероматоза брюшины как отдельного развивающегося молекулярного события расширит представление о его морфо- и онкогенезе, позволит усилить поиск не только лечебно-диагностических подходов, но и профилактических мер для его предупреждения. В данной статье представлен обзор публикаций, связанных с перитонеальными метастазами от различных локализаций, включающих органы брюшной полости и малого таза. Охарактеризованы известные механизмы метастазирования опухолей в брюшину. Проведена сравнительная оценка диагностических подходов в обнаружении канцероматоза брюшины. Исходя из собранных данных выявлены основные пробелы в знаниях онкогенеза перитонеального канцероматоза.

Peritoneal metastasis occurs in a number of heterogeneous tumors originating from the ovaries, stomach, intestines, pancreas, lungs, breast, and melanoma. Peritoneal carcinomatosis significantly reduces overall survival. While being almost unresponsive to treatment, dissemination of tumor cells along the peritoneum aggravates the course of the disease. Despite the use of locoregional treatment, peritoneal carcinomatosis is still considered to be an aggravating factor with a poor prognosis. Peritoneal carcinomatosis cannot be defined as a separate locoregional process with its own biology and oncogenesis due to the lack of clear understanding the molecular and biological features of peritoneal metastasis, as well as generally recognized standards for diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms with various localizations. Addressing peritoneal carcinomatosis as a separate developing molecular event will enhance the understanding of its morpho- and oncogenesis and strengthen the search for therapeutic, diagnostic and preventive approaches to its management. Th e paper presents a bibliographic study of publications on exploring peritoneal metastases from various sites, including the abdominal and pelvic organs. Th e known mechanisms of tumors metastasis to the peritoneum are characterized in the paper. Diagnostic approaches to peritoneal carcinomatosis were assessed and compared. Th e collected data analysis revealed the main gaps in the understanding of peritoneal carcinomatosis oncogenesis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.