surgoncoКреативная хирургия и онкологияCreative surgery and oncology2076-30932307-0501Башкирский государственный медицинский университет10.24060/2076-3093-2023-13-4-311-319surgonco-863Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSТехнология «орган-на-чипе» в урологииOrgan-on-a-chip Technology in Urologyhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-9735-780XВардикянА. Г.VardikianA. G.

Вардикян Андраник Гарегинович — аспирант, кафедра  урологии с курсом ИДПО, лаборатория стволовых клеток

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Andranik G. Vardikian — Postgraduate Student, Department of Urology with a Course of Advanced  Professional Education, Stem Cells Laborator

Ufa

a@urologufa.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-8146ПятницкаяС. В.PiatnitskaiaS. V.

Пятницкая Светлана Викторовна — с.н.с., лаборатория клеточных культур, кафедра внутренних болезней

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Svetlana V. Piatnitskaia — Senior Research Assistant, Cell  Culture Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases

Ufa

СолнцевВ. А.SolntsevV. A.

Солнцев Вадим Алексеевич — м.н.с., лаборатория клеточных культур

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Vadim A. Solntsev — Medical Research Assistant, Cell  Culture Laboratory

Ufa

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-8711ШамсовБ. И.ShamsovB. I.

Шамсов Бедил Исуфович — аспирант, кафедра урологии с курсом ИДПО

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Bedil I. Shamsov — Postgraduate Student, Department of  Urology with a Course of Advanced Professional Education

Ufa

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-4897ПавловВ. Н.PavlovV. N.

Павлов Валентин Николаевич — д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, кафедра урологии с курсом ИДПО

Республика Башкортостан, Уфа

Valentin N. Pavlov — Dr. Sci (Med.), Prof., Academician  of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of  Urology with a Course of Advanced Professional Education

Ufa

Башкирский государственный медицинский университет; Институт урологии и клинической онкологии Башкирского государственного медицинского университетаРоссияBashkir State Medical University; Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical UniversityRussian FederationБашкирский государственный медицинский университет; Институт фундаментальной медицины Башкирского государственного медицинского университетаРоссияBashkir State Medical University; Institute of Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical UniversityRussian FederationИнститут фундаментальной медицины Башкирского государственного медицинского университетаРоссияInstitute of Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical UniversityRussian FederationБашкирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияBashkir State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202320122023134311319Copyright © Вардикян А.Г., Пятницкая С.В., Солнцев В.А., Шамсов Б.И., Павлов В.Н., 20232023Вардикян А.Г., Пятницкая С.В., Солнцев В.А., Шамсов Б.И., Павлов В.Н.Vardikian A.G., Piatnitskaia S.V., Solntsev V.A., Shamsov B.I., Pavlov V.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/863

Органы-на-чипе (ОНЧ) — это микрожидкостные устройства, используемые для создания биомиметических систем физиологических органов. Система содержит инженерные или естественные миниатюрные ткани, выращенные внутри микрофлюидных чипов. Технология OНЧ дает возможность воспроизводить многочисленные патологии человека, так как классические модели животных не всегда адекватно предсказывают терапевтическую реакцию у людей. Данная технология может быть промежуточным звеном в системе исследования «животное — человек». Более того, в исследованиях рака OНЧ имитируют трехмерную иерархическую сложность опухолей in vivo и имитируют микроокружение опухоли, являясь практичным экономически и эффективным решением для исследования роста опухоли и скрининга противораковых препаратов. ОНЧ представляют собой компактные и простые в использовании микрофизиологические функциональные единицы, которые имитируют физические и биологические процессы в организме человека. Это расширяет возможность доклинических исследований, таких как моделирование заболеваний или даже разработка диагностических устройств. В связи с этим целью настоящей работы является обзор научной литературы в области микрофлюидных устройств, предназначенных для применения в урологии и онкоурологии.

Organs-on-chips (OOC) refer to microfluidic devices used to create biomimetic systems of physiological organs. The system contains engineered or natural miniature tissues grown inside microfluidic chips. Organ-on-a-chip technology enables numerous human pathologies to be reproduced, since classical animal models may fail to adequately predict the therapeutic response in humans. This technology can be an intermediate link in the animal-human research system. Moreover, in cancer studies, OOC simulate the three-dimensional hierarchical complexity of tumors in vivo and the tumor microenvironment, being an efficient and cost-effective solution for tumor growth studies and cancer drug screening. Organs-on-chips represent compact and easy-to-use microphysiological functional units simulating physical and biological processes in human body. This extends the possibility of preclinical studies, such as disease modeling or even the development of diagnostic devices. In this regard, the present study is aimed at reviewing the scientific literature in the field of microfluidic devices intended for use in urology and oncourology.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.