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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2024-14-3-216-222</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-982</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лечебно-диагностическая тактика при метастазах в лимфоузлы шеи без выявленного первичного очага</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tactics for Metastases to the Lymph Nodes of the Neck without an Identified Primary Focus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9026-1153</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Мария Ивановна — отделение опухолей головы и шеи</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya I. Sokolova — Neck and Head Cancer Uni</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mascha23.06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-0809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Валерия Игоревна — к.м.н., доцент, кафедра онкологии, радиологии и радиотерапии</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya I. Pavlova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Oncology, Radiology and Radiation Therapy</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Многопрофильный клинический медицинский центр «Медицинский город»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Multidisciplinary Clinical Medical Center “Medical City”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>222</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соколова М.И., Павлова В.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколова М.И., Павлова В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolova M.I., Pavlova V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/982">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/982</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Метастатический плоскоклеточный рак из неизвестного первичного очага составляет менее 5 % злокачественных опухолей в области головы и шеи. Совершенствование методов диагностики позволяет снизить заболеваемость данной патологией. Материалы и методы. Выполнен ретроспективный анализ результатов диагностики и лечения 59 пациентов с метастазами плоскоклеточного рака в лимфоузлы без ВПО. Доля пациентов мужского пола составила 86 % (51/59), женского пола — 14 % (8/59). Средний возраст пациентов — 61 год. Преобладал плоскоклеточный рак — 79 % (47/59). Результаты. Метастатически пораженные лимфоузлы локализовались в 92 % случаев во II, III уровнях. Преобладала доля пациентов со стадиями N2, N3–55 % (абс. 26), 32 % (абс. 15) соответственно. Гиперэкспрессия белка Р­16 в метастатически пораженных лимфоузлах была выявлена в 70 %, PD­L1 — в 48 %, а также вируса Эпштейна — Барр (ВЭБ) — 6 %. Ипсилатеральная диагностическая небная тонзиллэктомия внешне неизмененной миндалины выполнена в 15 % (9/59), позволившая выявить первичный очаг — в 1 случае. Из специальных методов лечения преобладало комплексное и комбинированное лечение — 55 % (абс. 26). ДЛТ в самостоятельном варианте была проведена 48 % пациентов, при этом полный курс получили 76 % (абс. 16). Комбинированное лечение (курс ДЛТ с последующей ПХТ) — в 7 % (абс. 3). Полихимиотерапию получили 20 % пациентов. Паллиативную иммунотерапию (пембролизумаб 200 мг в/в — 5 курсов) получил 1 пациент. Средняя продолжительность жизни была выше при комплексном лечении — составила 60 мес., (95 % ДИ 43,5–76,4), медиана выживаемости равна 60 мес. Обсуждение. Основными методами лечения пациентов с метастазами плоскоклеточного рака без ВПО была лучевая терапия в самостоятельном варианте, а также комплексное лечение. Ипсилатеральная диагностическая небная тонзиллэктомия внешне неизмененной миндалины была выполнена в 15 % (абс. 9), позволила выявить первичный очаг в 1 случае. Заключение. Метастазирование в лимфоузлы шеи без ВПО по­прежнему остается актуальной междисциплинарной проблемой. Для совершенствования и оптимизации алгоритмов диагностики, лечения данных пациентов требуются проспективные многоцентровые исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma from an unknown primary focus accounts for less than 5 % of malignant tumors in the head and neck. Improving the methods of diagnosis can reduce the incidence of this pathology. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of diagnosis and treatment of 59 patients with metastasis to the lymph nodes of the neck without an identified primary focus was performed. The proportion of male patients was 86 % (51/59), female — 14 % (8/59). The average age of patients is 61 years. Squamous cell carcinoma prevailed — 79 % (47/59). Results. Metastatically affected lymph nodes were localized in 92 % of cases at levels II and III. The proportion of patients with stages N2, N3 prevailed — 55 % (abs. 26), 32 % (abs. 15), respectively. Overexpression of the P­16 protein in metastatically affected lymph nodes was detected in 70 %, PD­L1 in 48 %, and Epstein­Barr virus (EBV) in 6 %. Ipsilateral diagnostic palatine tonsillectomy of an apparently unchanged tonsil was performed in 15 % (9/59) of cases, revealing the primary site in one instance. Of the special treatment methods, complex and combined treatment prevailed — 55 % (abs. 26). Radiation therapy in an independent version was performed by 48 % of patients, while 76 % received the full course (abs. 16). Combined treatment (a course of Radiation therapy followed by chemotherapy) — in 7 % (abs. 3) 20 % of patients received polychemotherapy. Palliative immunotherapy (pembrolizumab 200 mg IV — 5 courses) was given to 1 patient. The average life expectancy was higher with complex treatment — it was 60 months (95 % CI 43.5–76.4), the median survival is 60 months. Discussion. The main methods of treatment of patients with metastases of squamous cell carcinoma without were radiation therapy in an independent version, as well as complex treatment. Ipsilateral diagnostic palatine tonsillectomy of an apparently unchanged tonsil was performed in 15 % (abs. 9), and allowed to identify the primary focus in 1 case.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Metastasis to the lymph nodes of the neck without remains an urgent interdisciplinary problem. Prospective multicenter studies are required to improve and optimize the algorithms for diagnosis and treatment of these patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лимфатической системы метастазы</kwd><kwd>новообразований метастазы</kwd><kwd>шейные лимфатические узлы</kwd><kwd>экспрессия Р­16</kwd><kwd>PD­L1</kwd><kwd>плоскоклеточный рак</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>тонзиллэктомия</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lymphatic metastasis</kwd><kwd>neoplasm metastasis</kwd><kwd>neck lymph nodes</kwd><kwd>P­16 expression</kwd><kwd>PD­L1</kwd><kwd>squamous cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>radiotherapy</kwd><kwd>tonsillectomy</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frost P. 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