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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">surgonco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Креативная хирургия и онкология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creative surgery and oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2076-3093</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-0501</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24060/2076-3093-2024-14-3-235-242</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">surgonco-985</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Деэскалация лучевой терапии в плане лечения больных раком молочной железы I–IIВ стадий после подкожных/кожесохранных мастэктомий с одномоментной реконструкцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>De-escalation of Radiation Therapy in the Treatment Plan of Patients with Stage I-IIV Breast Cancer after Subcutaneous/Skin-Sparing Mastectomies with Immediate Reconstruction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-8252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рассказова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rasskazova</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассказова Елена Александровна — к.м.н., научный сотрудник, отделение онкологии и реконструктивно-пластической хирургии молочной железы и кожи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Rasskazova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Breast and Skin Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Unit</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rasskaz2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7141-2502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зикиряходжаев</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zikiryakhodzhaev</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зикиряходжаев Азиз Дильшодович — д.м.н., профессор, отделение онкологии и реконструктивно-пластической хирургии молочной железы и кожи</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aziz D. Zikiryakhodzhaev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Breast and Skin Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Unit</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена — филиал Национального медицинского исследовательского центра радиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.A. Gertsen Moscow Research Oncology Institute — branch of the National Medical Research Center for Radiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена — филиал Национального медицинского исследовательского центра радиологии ; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет) ; Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.A. Gertsen Moscow Research Oncology Institute — branch of the National Medical Research Center for Radiology ; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University ; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>235</fpage><lpage>242</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рассказова Е.А., Зикиряходжаев А.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рассказова Е.А., Зикиряходжаев А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rasskazova Е.А., Zikiryakhodzhaev A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/985">https://www.surgonco.ru/jour/article/view/985</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Показания к лучевой терапии после мастэктомий с/без реконструкции при Т1–2N0–1 М0 четко не определены, в стандартах лечения есть ссылки на возможное назначение лучевой терапии при факторах, повышающих рецидив рака молочной железы. Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное одноцентровое нерандомизированное исследование 984 пациенток раком молочной железы, которые пролечены в МНИОИ им. П. А. Герцена с 2014 по 2022 г. Пациенты разделены на 2 группы: с лучевой терапией и без лучевой терапии. Результаты и обсуждение. Представлен анализ возраста пациенток, гистологической структуры опухоли, иммуногистохимических характеристик, степени злокачественности опухоли, мультицентричности, наличия лимфоваскулярной инвазии, опухолевых клеток, состояния краев R1 и R0, стадии на риск развития рецидива. Общая выживаемость в группе с рецидивом составила 95,1 %, в группе без рецидива 98,4 %. В группе с ЛТ (I группа) общая выживаемость составила 98,4 %, метастазы диагностированы в 4,9 % случаев. В группе без ЛТ (II группа) общая выживаемость составила 98,2 %, метастазы выявлены в 5,9 % случаев. Заключение. При однофакторном анализе в исследуемых группах проведение лучевой терапии снижает риск развития рецидива на 3,5 %. При положительном крае R1 рекомендуют проведение ЛТ, что подтвердилось в нашем исследовании, разница составила 14,5 %, и, безусловно, при наличии R1 необходима ЛТ в послеоперационном периоде. При анализе стадии РМЖ и риске рецидива статистическая разница выявлена только при IIА стадии сТ1N1 М0, ЛТ снижала риск рецидива РМЖ. Статистическая разница в I и II группах была выявлена при степени злокачественности G2, уровне Кi­67 менее 50 %, наличии опухолевой эмболии и возрасте пациенток до 40 лет. Лучевая терапия после подкожной/кожесохранной мастэктомии снижает риск рецидива на 3,2 %, но общая выживаемость в группе с и без лучевой терапии составила 98,4 и 98,2 %, разница статистически не достоверна. В нашем исследовании критерии для назначения лучевой терапии в послеоперационном периоде следующие: молодой возраст пациенток, край резекции R1, люминальный/нелюминальный НЕR2 позитивный тип, сN1, наличие опухолевой эмболии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Indications for radiation therapy after mastectomies with/without reconstruction at T1­2N0­1M0 remain unclear; treatment standards contain references to the possible administration of radiation therapy for factors that increase breast cancer recurrence. Materials and methods. A retrospective single­center, non­randomized study enrolled 984 breast cancer patients treated at P.A. Gertsen Moscow Cancer Research Institute from 2014 to 2022. Patients were divided into 2 groups: a radiotherapy group and a non­radiotherapy group. Results and discussion. The paper presents an analysis of patients’ age, the histological structure of the tumor, immunohistochemical characteristics, tumor grade, multicentricity, presence of lymphovascular invasion, tumor cells, the state of R1 and R0 margins, and the tumor stage at risk of recurrence. Overall survival in the recurrence group accounted for 95.1%, in the non­recurrence group – 98.4%. In the radiotherapy group (group I), the overall survival comprised 98.4%; metastases were diagnosed in 4.9% of cases. In thenon­radiotherapy group (group II), the overall survival amounted to 98.2%; metastases were revealed in 5.9% of cases. Conclusion. Univariate analysis in the study groups showed that radiation therapy reduced the risk of relapse by 3.5%. In case of positive R1 margin, radiotherapy is recommended, which was confirmed in our study, the difference accounted for 14.5%, and in the presence of R1, radiotherapy is claimed to be necessary in the postoperative period. When analyzing the stage of breast cancer and the risk of recurrence, the statistical difference was revealed only at stage IIA (T1N1M0); radiation therapy reduced the risk of breast cancer recurrence. The statistical difference in groups I and II was detected at Grade 2 tumor, Ki­67 level less than 50%, presence of tumor embolism and age of patients under 40 years. Radiation therapy after subcutaneous/skin­sparing mastectomy reduces the recurrence risk by 3.2%; however, the overall survival in group I and group II accounted for 98.4 and 98.2%, respectively; the difference is not statistically significant. In our study, the criteria for prescribing radiation therapy in the postoperative period include: young age of the patients, R1 resection margin, luminal/non­luminal HER2 positive type, cN1, presence of tumor embolism.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>реконструкция молочной железы</kwd><kwd>постмастэктомическая лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>рецидив</kwd><kwd>подкожная мастэктомия</kwd><kwd>кожесохранная мастэктомия</kwd><kwd>деэскалация лучевой терапии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>breast reconstruction</kwd><kwd>postmastectomy radiation therapy</kwd><kwd>recurrence</kwd><kwd>subcutaneous mastectomy</kwd><kwd>skin­sparing mastectomy</kwd><kwd>de­escalation of radiation therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рассказова Е.А., Зикиряходжаев А.Д., Каприн А.Д. 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