DIAGNOSTICS OF THE INTESTINE ISCHEMIC DAMAGES IN SOME ACUTE SURGICAL DISEASES OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Introduction. Ischemic damages play an important role in etiology, pathogenesis of diseases of the abdominal cavity, they acquire special relevance under conditions of emergency surgery in terms of diagnosis and assessment of the extent of these violations, and choice of pathogenetically valid methods of correction and treatment. The aim of this study was to estimate the capacity of laboratory, endoscopic, some instrumental methods to diagnose ischemic bowel violations experimentally and in a clinical setting. Materials and methods. This paper presents an analysis of the reliability of the laboratory, instrumental methods to diagnose ischemic bowel damage in patients with acute strangulated intestinal obstruction (n=79), acute disorders of mesenteric blood circulation (n=124) experimentally in animals with the model of intra-abdominal hypertension syndrome (compression). Patients have been examined for defining the level of blood lactate, pH of the gastric mucosa, ultrasonic dopplerography of visceral branches of the abdominal aorta, the examination determined the level of intra-abdominal pressure, and at the same time the patients have undergone the review X-rays of the abdominal cavity organs, and the coagulogram indicators have been analysed. In order to study the role of intra-abdominal hypertension in the developing ischemic infringements of abdominal organs, as well as lactate as a marker of ischemia, the simulation of the abdominal compartment syndrome by a tense pneumoperitoneum under pressure of 20 mm Hg. within two hours was carried out on 5 pigs weighing 60-70 kg and 7 piglets weighing 8-10 kg. The research suggested an algorithm of diagnosis at pre- and postoperative periods. Results. The findings show that modern laboratory techniques (level of lactate), tools (endoscopic, ultrasound, radiopaque, laser flowmetry, etc.) allow with precision > 90% to diagnose ischemic bowel violations. Conclusions. To monitor the status of bowels, the anastomoses zones it is recommended to use the technique of programmed fibrolaparoscopy through the control abdominal cavity drainage.

ischemia, reperfusion injuries, intestinal obstruction, laboratory techniques and procedures, endoscopy, ultrasonography, surgical anastomosis

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