Diagnosis and Treatment of Pituitary Adenomas
https://doi.org/10.24060/2076-3093-2019-9-4-311-316
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas are among the most common primary intracranial tumours. They are predominantly benign and account for 10–15 % of all intracranial neoplasms. These tumours are divided into two subgroups: macroadenomas (> 1 cm) and microadenomas (<1 cm). About 30% of pituitary adenomas do not produce hormones. In other cases tumours can produce any of the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland and thus cause endocrine disorders. Compression of the pituitary gland, adjacent cranial nerves and brain structures can lead to gland failure, cranial nerve deficit and other neurological disorders. Visual impairment, usually with bitemporal hemianopia, is one of the most common primary symptoms. Diagnosis of the disease requires an interdisciplinary approach. Transnasal transsphenoidal resection is indicated for all patients with symptomatic pituitary adenomas except prolactinomas. Prolactinomas respond very well to treatment with dopamine agonists. In cases of pituitary insufficiency a timely start of adequate hormone replacement therapy is important. Long-term follow-up is an integral part of the treatment concept. In this review we examine the current diagnostic criteria and treatment methods for various forms of pituitary adenomas.
About the Authors
O. A. Beylerli
Bashkir State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Beylerli Ozal Arzuman — Post-graduate student of the Department of Urology with the Course of Additional Professional Education
3 Lenin str., Ufa, 450008
Zhao Shiguang
Harbin Medical University
China
China
Shiguang Zhao — Professor, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery
157 Baojian Rd, Nangang Qu, Haerbin Shi, Heilongjiang Sheng, 150081, China
I. F. Gareev
Bashkir State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Gareev Ilgiz Fanilevich — Post-graduate student of the Department of Neurosurgery and Medical Rehabilitation with the Course of Additional Professional Education
3 Lenin str., Ufa, 450008
Chen Xin
Harbin Medical University
China
China
Xin Chen — Assistant lecturer of the Department of Neurosurgery, Pharmacologist
157 Baojian Rd, Nangang Qu, Haerbin Shi, Heilongjiang Sheng, 150081, China
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Review
For citations:
Beylerli O.A., Shiguang Zh., Gareev I.F., Xin Ch. Diagnosis and Treatment of Pituitary Adenomas. Creative surgery and oncology. 2019;9(4):311-316. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24060/2076-3093-2019-9-4-311-316
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