Formation of Polybronchial Anastomosis in Central Lung Cancer with Bullous Changes Using Free Pericardial Fat Pad for Bronchial Suture Coverage: Clinical Case

Abstract

Introduction. Bronchoplastic surgery with the formation of a polybronchial anastomosis in lung cancer allows bilobectomy or pneumonectomy to be avoided. Aim. This study evaluates the results of bronchoplastic surgery with polybronchial anastomosis formation in lung cancer treatment. Materials and methods. The minimum volume standards in surgery for patients in Russia and Kazakhstan are the right lower lobectomy. However, given the bullous changes observed in the right upper lobe and three remaining segments, this approach carries a risk of postoperative complications, including bulla rupture with fistula formation and pleural cavity infection. Consequently, we implemented an organ-sparing treatment strategy, which involved middle lobectomy, S6 segmentectomy, and sleeve resection of the intermediate, lower lobe, and B8 segmental bronchi, accompanied by the formation of polybronchial anastomosis between three bronchi. To prevent the development of bronchopleural fistula, we used a free pericardial fat pad. Results. The postoperative period was uneventful. At the 20-month follow-up, no recurrence was detected. Discussion. Bronchoplastic surgeries offer patients a better quality of life in comparison to pneumonectomy or bilobectomy, while maintaining equivalent recurrence-free survival rates as a radical treatment method. Conclusion. Bronchoplastic surgery is an effective approach for the treatment of lung cancer.