This article describes the results of scanning electron microscopy in cancer. For the first time visualized the cancer cells migrated via directly serous-lymphatic hatches on the surface peritoneum. Shown the similar results of studies of Japanese scientists, but selected the differences in the mechanisms of this process, in particular in the direction of movement of cancer cells. From data analysis results of quantitative and anatomical evaluation of serous lymph hatches diaphragmatic peritoneum we selected their functional classes. Investigation results have important applied value in oncology.

The results of minimal access surgery in patients with benign tumors and lung bullae and also with mediastinal lymphadenopathy are presented. On the front and axial CT slices the possibility of accurate preoperative localization of mini-thoracotomy on intercostal space and conventional chest lines was demonstrated by simple calculations as well as the optimization of its length depending on the depth of the pathological focus. The developed method has allowed to reduce the length of the cut, to reduce the time of operation and the time of introduction of analgesics in the postoperative period.

Aortic malformations often cause critical states in the neonatal period. MSCT method allows you to get a detailed understanding of the anatomy of vice and identify concomitant bronchopulmonary disease. This paper presents a comparative analysis of 27 patients of the first year of life with the pathology of the aortic arch, which were performed echocardiography and MSCT. After analysis of both research methods in 4 patients revealed a discrepancy echocardiography and MSCT data which led to a change in surgical approach. Just according to SITC 2 patients revealed tracheal stenosis, in one case, isolated, in another due to compression of the vascular ring. MSCT is a highly informative method for diagnosing pathology of the aortic arch and associated bronchopulmonary disease in children in the first year of life.

 A multicenter retrospective clinical trial was conducted between January 2003 to December 2013 in patients undergoing elective and emergency colon cancer resections. The patients were divided into 4 groups with different methods of colonic anastomoses.  According to the comparative evaluation of early postoperative complications, there was a statistically significant decrease in the total number of complications (n=1; 1,4%) in the study group with using compression anastomotic device. All three methods of compression anastomosis had statistically and significantly fewer anastomotic leaks (P<0.05), the total number of complications (P<0.01) and mortality (P<0.05) a comparison manual doublelayer suture. The compression colonic anastomosis not prone to scarring and significantly reduces cases of strictures (P<0.01) a comparison manual double-layer suture in long-term results. The use of new technology of compression anastomosis is an effective and safe method in colon cancer surgery.

The analysis of the results of the use of laparoscopic surgery in 1641 patients operated in the hospital № 8 (Ufa), with acute surgical pathology for the period 1998 – 2011 is presented. The analysis of the treatment of patients after laparoscopic surgery: cholecystectomy, appendectomy, suturing perforated gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcers, eliminate acute adhesive intestinal obstruction, sanitation and drainage of the pancreas with pancreatic necrosis, soft refurbishment in peritonitis, bowel volvulus removal, repair for bleeding ulcers, suturing stab wounds abdominal organs, stopping bleeding from parenchymal organs, gynecological operations on the pelvic organs has done. It is proved that the number of postoperative complications in emergency laparoscopic procedures is much lower than the traditional surgical approach.

Liver abscesses of various origins are the group of severe purulent diseases of the liver and it is considered one of the difficult problems of the hepatobiliary system. The article presents the current data on the causes and microbiological composition of pathogens liver abscesses.

The article presents the surgical treatment of patients with distal unit choledochus. It was proposed the modified biliary drainage for recognizing drainage, which improves patient outcomes.

In this work the statistical analysis of incidence and mortality from malignant new growths of the population of the city of Ufa in 2013 are submitted. Dynamic of the main indicators on oncological incidence for 3 years is reflected and comparison since 2003 is given, the structure and the gender and age analysis of malignant new growths are presented in details. The index of accumulation of the contingent, indicators of relative mortality and year lethality are calculated.

The results of clinic and X – ray monitoring after total hip replacement of patients with disturbed bone metabolism had been analyzed. Zoledronic acid effectiveness combined with calcium and Vit D was studied. Parameters of functional activity, life quality and DEXA monitoring had been researched. Thus we can conclude that short time treatment is effective for life quality and functional activity.

The article analyzes the incidence of prostate cancer in the Republic of Bashkortostan from 1993 to 2002 and from 2003 to 2012, the levels of the primary disease, the patterns of the level, dynamics of morbidity in different years depending on age.

Studied the prognostic significance of factors such as the parameters of immune responses available evaluation underlight microscopy , without costly immunohistochemical and molecular genetic methods . Identified three characteristics that predicted the outcome of ovarian cancer - the average number of lymphocytes in the field of viewof the microscope x200 on the border of the tumor / metastasis , presence or absence of the same continuity and plasmacytoid lymphocytic shaft . Developed a regression equation to predict the course of ovarian cancer , which should contribute to improved health outcomes.

The high frequency of regional metastasis of oral cancer in the lymph nodes in the neck forms need to find new methods of informative assessment of lymph nodes of the neck. One of the promising methods for assessment of lymph node status is to study free radical oxidation by detecting chemiluminescence. The study of dynamics of chemiluminescence – the perioperative evaluation - allows us to estimate the depth of irregularities in the system of "free radicals- antioxidant protection." The rate of change of perioperative indicators chemiluminescence is a prognostic factor. The study of perioperative indicators chemiluminescence in 25 primary patients with cancer tongue has done. A slight change in the chemiluminescence (Δ chemiluminescence not more than 20.5%) is unfavorable.

In the experiment on the model of transplantable tumor models of Sarcoma M-1 neolymphogenesis process induced by tumor growth was reproduced, induced postnatal revealed lymph nodes were detected. Comparative data, defined morphological differences postnatal induced lymph nodes and normal lymph nodes were analyzed.

This article describes data reviews of the modern endoscopic and laboratory techniques which used in the detection of early forms of gastric cancer. Through advanced modern electronics, their high resolving power allow to detect pathological changes at an early stage of the disease, identify the mechanisms of their development for the future treatment and prevention.

The transcription factor NF-kB plays a key role in various physiological processes such as immune response, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and inflammation. Controlling the transcriptional activity of a number of genes responsible for different ways of inflammatory processes and of malignant, NF-kB is involved in a wide range of diseases. Special attention deserves part signalnych paths controlled NF-kB, in carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, including tumor and stability to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The combination of cancer and inflammatory processes involving constitutive activation of NF-kB, making it a promising target for pharmacological intervention aimed at cancer therapy.