The  article  summarizes  the   experience  of  academic  and   pedagogical  leading   of universities  in Russia  to  train  specialists  of  new  formation in oncology, in accordance with the challenges of modern society and the needs  of the modernized health. There are prospects and  the  possibility of  the  introduction of  advanced educational technology in health professional education on the basis of the competence approach. The modern model of  continuing professional development is implemented in the  departments of  oncology leading Russian universities.

In the article the analysis of the clinical observations and case histories of 265 patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis and abdominal abscesses treated in hospitals  of Shymkent for  12 years (2000-2011  y.) are analysed. The use of differentiated surgical treatment of peritonitis in various forms  depending on the etiology,  prevalence, severity of endogenous intoxication and organ  failure can improve the results of treatment.

The paper analyzes the results of treatment of 38 patients with complicated forms of  pancreatic necrosis from 2000 to 2010. The treatment has do neby newly proposed method  dynamic  medical  bursopancrealaparoscopy  with  ultrasonic  cavitation  in  an  antiseptic solution using the original multi-drainage implant nickelide titanium shape  memory.

Patients  who  underwent  conventional  treatment  relaparotomy,  marked  the  highest rate of postoperative complications (94,3%). number of remedial relaparotomy on average  7,  mortality  78.6%.  Minimally  invasive  technique  has  reduced  complications  to  18,2%, mortality up to 12,4%, the number of relaparotomy 1-2, the economic costs decreased by 5,8 times.

The article analyzes the short-and long-term outcomes of 42 male patients operated on inguinal hernia with the aid of liechtenstein’s technique. The modern classification of inguinal hernias, proposed by nyhus, has been  used.  Widely used  prostheses "Esfil" ("linteks", St. Petersburg), and polypropylene implants  modified by a coating  of polyhydroxyalkanoates have been studied.

It is proved that the frequency to the remote and some early stent-related complications as well as the  rate  of  change of  the  linear  velocity of  blood  flow  in the  vessels  of  the groin with the  help of   the  Doppler ultrasound (USDg) are affected by the  choice of the endoprosthesis. In this case,  the best  results were observed in the study group, where  the implants were used, modified by PgA-coating. 

Application   in  the   treatment of  patients  with  infected  cavitary  formations  liver intracavitary therapy ozonated antiseptic allowed  significantly  speed  up the  recovery  of liver function, reduce  the  time of hospital  treatment, to accelerate the  elimination  of the abscess  cavity.

While performing surgery  on the right part of the liver, we used a T-shaped approach that  allowed  to make  complete revision of the  hepatoduodenal organs and  to perform a surgical intervention (rational proposal № 2675 of  24.10.03). It is to be noted that  after the intersection of the liver ligaments and use of a retractor – the Seagal elevator  of costal arches, direct visualization is exposed and the scope of surgery is widened. We applied this approach in 12 (24%) patients operated on. In conjunction with costal arches retractors our technique makes it possible to refuse thoracoabdominal approaches offered earlier.

The results of treatment of 146 patients with colorectal cancer are shown. In 52 patients underwent surgery alone. 42 patients before surgery was performed radiotherapy scheme ROD 5 gy (x 5 days) to ODS 25 gy. 48 patients was performed with combined treatment by the original method. To reduce  the risk of postoperative purulent complications developed using  a  set  of  preventive  measures, the  use  of  which  reduces the  incidence  of  septic complications in 5.7%.

Based  on  the  results  of  the  clinical, cytological,  microbiological  research, as well as the  dynamics  of the  local elektrotermometry found that  after surgical treatment of nasal tumors recurrence after prior radiation therapy indicated slowing regenerative responses, as well as a higher  frequency of postoperative complications compared with the  surgical treatment of postoperative recurrent tumors of the nose.

In  work  results  of  treatment of  patients are  presented with  is  long  not  healing purulent diseases  of soft  fabrics.  To therapy of the first group  of patients (27) along with traditional treatment carried out bandagings with drawing  the ozonized olive oil. As a result of  research it is revealed  that  application of  a method of  a local ozonoterapy allows to accelerate considerably healing process  to a wound  to reduce  stay terms  on a hospital  bed on the average by 20% with the localized is long not healing processes and for 16% with the unlimited is long not healing processes.

Research  is based  on the  clinical material  including  experience of treatment of 127 patients  with an urolithic illness from  2008  for  2011. Depending on carried-out postoperative therapy patients are divided into groups  by simple way of randomization. At 44 patients of suffering urolithic illness (the  1st group), before and  after lithotripsy  complex  therapy included basic treatment with application of necessary medicines and simultaneous purpose of a  phytocomplex of original structure. At the  2nd group  (43  patients) after lithotripsy  complex therapy included basic treatment with application of necessary medicines, simultaneous purpose of a phytocomplex of original structure, laser therapy and physiotherapy exercises. Patients of the 3rd group (40 patients) received basic therapy before and after lithotripsy.

The analysis of results of treatment showed that application phytocomplexes original structure in combination with procedures of laser therapy and physiotherapy exercises in postoperative rehabilitation of patients with urolithic illness promotes within a month to a full release of stones from urinary ways at 86-93% of patients in comparison with a basic complex (63%).

The efficacy of prevention of wound complications was evaluated in 152 patiens aged 33 to 76 years with large incisional ventral hernias, undergone to allohernioplasty with a use of  tree  methods for  wound  drainage, i.e. traditional vacuum  drainage Redone,  drainage Blake Drains and UnoVac drainage system. In cases of traditional vacuum  drainage, serous inflammation was noted in 14%, infiltrate in 9%,  wound  abscess  in 2%. In cases of using Blake Drains serous inflammation was noted in 6%,  UnoVac – in 4%, while wound  abscess and infiltrate were not observed at all.

In the present report, we presented  94 cases of cervical cancer  with life-threatening vaginal bleeding. The active cervical bleeding was successfully controlled with selective arterial embolization. As the additional effect of the embolization we determined changes of blood supply of the tumor, changing of the tumor size.

The method of operation at locally-advanced tongue cancer and cancer of oral cavity is presented.

The operation has  been  performed in 20  patients. The method allows  to  preserve tongue function without its deformation and  falling back,  improves  life quality,  restores natural breathing, swallowing  and speech. By the end of 24 months survival in free  period was observed in 43,8±11,0% patients, total survival – 56.3±10,0% patients.

A family of materials  based  on biodegradable polymer-3-hydroxybutyric acid (polyhydroxybutyrate, PHB) has been  developed for the purposes of reparative osteogenesis. Osteoplastic properties of bulk implants  PHB and PHB composition with hydroxyapatite (HA) have been  investigated in comparison with branded drugs Bio-Oss ® in vivo via the model of segmental osteotomy. It is indicated that  reconstructive bone  formation is more  active when implants  with PHB as a main component are used.

The main aim of  this paper  is give the  detailed review on mammographic density  as a breast cancer  risk factor, classification and  methods of the  evaluation. Mammographic density  is one  of  the  well-known risk factor for  breast cancer.  Several studies  have  confirmed  that  women with high breast density  have a four-fold to six-fold  greater risk for developing breast cancer  than  women with  low breast density.  The association between breast density and other  breast cancer risk factors has been shown  in the number of studies. Thus, the reducing high mammographic density may become a new way for the primary prevention of the breast cancer.